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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, top) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of mesoporous silica nanoparticles.[1]
Mesoporous silica is a form of silica that is characterised by its mesoporous structure, that is, having pores that range from 2 nm to 50 nm in diameter. According to IUPAC's terminology, mesoporosity sits between microporous (<2 nm) and macroporous (>50 nm). Mesoporous silica is a relatively recent development in nanotechnology. The most common types of mesoporous nanoparticles are MCM-41 and SBA-15.[2] Research continues on the particles, which have applications in catalysis, drug delivery and imaging.[3] Mesoporous ordered silica films have been also obtained with different pore topologies.[4]
A compound producing mesoporous silica was patented around 1970.[5][6][7] It went almost unnoticed[8] and was reproduced in 1997.[9] Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were independently synthesized in 1990 by researchers in Japan.[10] They were later produced also at Mobil Corporation laboratories[11] and named Mobil Composition of Matter (or Mobil Crystalline Materials, MCM).[12]
Six years later, silica nanoparticles with much larger (4.6 to 30 nanometer) pores were produced at the University of California, Santa Barbara.[13] The material was named Santa Barbara Amorphous type material, or SBA-15. These particles also have a hexagonal array of pores.
The researchers who invented these types of particles planned to use them as molecular sieves. Today, mesoporous silica nanoparticles have many applications in medicine, biosensors,[14] thermal energy storage,[15] water/gas filtration [16] and imaging.
^Cite error: The named reference A.B.D. Nandiyanto; S.-G Kim; F. Iskandar; and K. Okuyama 2009 447–453 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Katiyar, Amit; Yadav, Santosh; Smirniotis, Panagiotis G.; Pinto, Neville G. (July 2006). "Synthesis of ordered large pore SBA-15 spherical particles for adsorption of biomolecules". Journal of Chromatography A. 1122 (1–2): 13–20. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2006.04.055. ISSN 0021-9673. PMID 16716334.
^Trewyn, Brian G; Nieweg, Jennifer A; Zhao, Yannan; Lin, Victor S.-Y. (2007). "Biocompatible mesoporous silica nanoparticles with different morphologies for animal cell membrane penetration". Chemical Engineering Journal. 137 (1): 23–29. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.09.045.
^Innocenzi, Plinio (2022). Mesoporous ordered silica films. From self-assembly to order. Advances in Sol-Gel Derived Materials and Technologies. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89536-5. ISBN 978-3-030-89535-8. S2CID 245147740.
^Chiola, V.; Ritsko, J. E. and Vanderpool, C. D. "Process for producing low-bulk density silica." Application No. US 3556725D A filed on 26-Feb-1969; Publication No. US 3556725 A published on 19-Jan-1971
^"Porous silica particles containing a crystallized phase and method" Application No. US 3493341D A filed on 23-Jan-1967; Publication No. US 3493341 A published on 03-Feb-1970
^"Process for producing silica in the form of hollow spheres"; Application No. US 342525 A filed on 04-Feb-1964; Publication No. US 3383172 A published on 14-May-1968
^Xu, Ruren; Pang, Wenqin; Yu, Jihong (2007). Chemistry of zeolites and related porous materials: synthesis and structure. Wiley-Interscience. p. 472. ISBN 978-0-470-82233-3.
^Direnzo, F; Cambon, H; Dutartre, R (1997). "A 28-year-old synthesis of micelle-templated mesoporous silica". Microporous Materials. 10 (4–6): 283–286. doi:10.1016/S0927-6513(97)00028-X.
^Yanagisawa, Tsuneo; Shimizu, Toshio; Kuroda, Kazuyuki; Kato, Chuzo (1990). "The preparation of alkyltrimethylammonium-kanemite complexes and their conversion to microporous materials". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 63 (4): 988–992. doi:10.1246/bcsj.63.988.
^Beck, J. S.; Vartuli, J. C.; Roth, W. J.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Kresge, C. T.; Schmitt, K. D.; Chu, C. T. W.; Olson, D. H.; Sheppard, E. W. (1992). "A New Family of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves Prepared with Liquid Crystal Templates". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 114 (27): 10834–10843. doi:10.1021/ja00053a020.
^Trewyn, B. G.; Slowing, I. I.; Giri, S; Chen, H. T.; Lin, V. S. (2007). "Synthesis and Functionalization of a Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Based on the Sol–Gel Process and Applications in Controlled Release". Accounts of Chemical Research. 40 (9): 846–853. doi:10.1021/ar600032u. PMID 17645305.
^Zhao, Dongyuan; Feng, Jianglin; Huo, Qisheng; Melosh, Nicholas; Fredrickson, Glenn H.; Chmelka, Bradley F.; Stucky, Galen D. (1998). "Triblock Copolymer Syntheses of Mesoporous Silica with Periodic 50 to 300 Angstrom Pores". Science. 279 (5350): 548–52. Bibcode:1998Sci...279..548Z. doi:10.1126/science.279.5350.548. PMID 9438845.
^Valenti G, Rampazzo R, Bonacchi S, Petrizza L, Marcaccio M, Montalti M, Prodi L, Paolucci F (2016). "Variable Doping Induces Mechanism Swapping in Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ Core−Shell Silica Nanoparticles". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138 (49): 15935–15942. doi:10.1021/jacs.6b08239. hdl:11585/583548. PMID 27960352.
^Mitran, Raul−Augustin; Berger, Daniela; Munteanu, Cornel; Matei, Cristian (2015). "Evaluation of Different Mesoporous Silica Supports for Energy Storage in Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials with Dual Thermal Responses". The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 119 (27): 15177–15184. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b02608.
^Ghajeri, Farnaz; Topalian, Zareh; Tasca, Andrea; Jafri, Syed Hassan Mujtaba; Leifer, Klaus; Norberg, Peter; Sjöström, Christer (2018-08-01). "Case study of a green nanoporous material from synthesis to commercialisation: Quartzene®". Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry. 12: 101–109. doi:10.1016/j.cogsc.2018.07.003. ISSN 2452-2236. S2CID 139146490.
Mesoporoussilica is a form of silica that is characterised by its mesoporous structure, that is, having pores that range from 2 nm to 50 nm in diameter...
in diameter. Typical mesoporous materials include some kinds of silica and alumina that have similarly-sized mesopores. Mesoporous oxides of niobium, tantalum...
"Synthesis of spherical mesoporoussilica nanoparticles with nanometer-size controllable pores and outer diameters". Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 120...
drug delivery scaffolding. In general, porous materials, such as mesoporoussilica nanoparticles are used because of their expansive surface area, large...
Mesoporous organosilica (periodic mesoporous organosilicas, PMO) are a type of silica containing organic groups that give rise to mesoporosity. They exhibit...
and personalized medicine. Silica nanoparticles- Silica nanoparticles can be classified into solid, non-porous, and mesoporous. They have large surface...
the mesoporous category thus lies in the middle with pore diameters between 2 and 50 nm (20–500 Å). Molecular sieves can be microporous, mesoporous, or...
the Near-Field Coupling of Immobilized Au Nanoparticles Embedded in MesoporousSilica Capsules". Advanced Optical Materials. 5 (21): 1700617. doi:10.1002/adom...
used to treat the surfaces of dielectric materials such as sapphire and silica to make composites with near-surface dispersions of metal or oxide nanoparticles...
which thus can exceed the upper limit for polymer membranes. Silica membranes are mesoporous and can be made with high uniformity (the same structure throughout...
tumor cells. There are many types of nanoparticle delivery systems, such as silica, polymers, liposomes and magnetic particles. Nanoparticles made of magnetic...
the Near-Field Coupling of Immobilized Au Nanoparticles Embedded in MesoporousSilica Capsules". Advanced Optical Materials. 5 (21): 1700617. doi:10.1002/adom...
William J.; Jones, Christopher W.; Nair, Sankar (2011-06-28). "Modified MesoporousSilica Gas Separation Membranes on Polymeric Hollow Fibers". Chemistry of...
and Clearance of Silicon, Organosilica, Silsesquioxane, Silica Mixed Oxide, and MesoporousSilica Nanoparticles". WIley Online Library. Jonas G. Croissant...
important factor in catalytic activity. Inorganic materials such as mesoporoussilica and layered clay minerals have high surface areas of several hundred...
Grieken, Rafael; Morales, Gabriel; Paniagua, Marta (2007). "Acidic mesoporoussilica for the acetylation of glycerol: Synthesis of bioadditives to petrol...
controlled-activation nanomaterial to carry a drug cargo into the body. Mesoporoussilica nanoparticles (MSN) have increased in research popularity due to their...
catalysts. The Stöber process allows the formation of monodisperse and mesoporoussilica. At elevated temperatures (>600 °C), TEOS converts to silicon dioxide:...
conductivity. Aerogels can be made from a variety of chemical compounds. Silica aerogels feel like fragile styrofoam to the touch, while some polymer-based...
A. Melero; R. vanGrieken; G. Morales; M. Paniagua (2007). "Acidic MesoporousSilica for the Acetylation of Glycerol: Synthesis of Bioadditives to Petrol...
prepared without organic ligands within the pores of mesoporoussilica. By using mesoporoussilica as a template, the size of CsPbX3 nanodomains is restricted...
of the branches to collect the gas. It is made from aziridine and mesoporoussilica. "Can we make tailpipes that capture CO2?". HowStuffWorks. 2008-05-27...
include a diverse range of porous, solid-phase materials, including mesoporoussilicas, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks. These have the potential...
Jeffrey I.; Nel, Andre E. (14 July 2010). "Engineered Design of MesoporousSilica Nanoparticles to Deliver Doxorubicin and P-Glycoprotein siRNA to Overcome...
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