"Indian medicinal plants" redirects here. For the main article regarding the system of folk medicine broadly practiced in India, see Ayurveda.
The medical ethnobotany of India is the study of Indian medicinal plants and their traditional uses. Plants have been used in the Indian subcontinent for treatment of disease and health maintenance for thousands of years, and remain important staples of health and folk medicine for millions. Indians today utilize plants for both primary medical care (principally in Rural and undeserved areas) and as supplementary treatment alongside modern medical science. It is estimated that 70% of rural Indians use traditional plant based remedies for primary healthcare needs.[1][2] This reliance of plants for medicine is consistent with trends widely observed in the developing world, where between 65% and 80% of people use medicinal plant remedies.[3][4]
Herbal medicine in India is largely guided by folk medicine, both in codified cultural practices shared widely (Ayurveda,[5] Siddha, Unani), and highly localized practices unique to individual tribes or tribal groups (Adivasi). Between 3,000[6] and 5,000[7] species of medicinal plants grow in India with roughly 1,000 threatened with extinction.[7] Of these, more than 2,400 plant species have been documented for medicinal use.[2][8][9]
Regions of India as described in Ethnobotany of India (2017), publication edited by T. Pullaiah, K.V. Krishnamurthy, & Bir Bahadur[10]
^Sen, Saikat; Chakraborty, Raja (April 2017). "Revival, modernization and integration of Indian traditional herbal medicine in clinical practice: Importance, challenges and future". Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. 7 (2): 234–244. doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.006. PMC 5388083. PMID 28417092.
^ abChoudhury, Suvashish; Bahadur, Bir; Pullaiah, T. (2017). "Chapter 5. Ethnomedicinal Plants of North-East India". In Pullaiah, T.; Krishnamurthy, K.V.; Bahadur, Bir (eds.). Ethnobotany of India, Volume 3 : North-East India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. K. V. Krishnamurthy, Bir Bahadur (First ed.). ISBN 978-1-315-36583-1. OCLC 1003930404.
^Palhares, Rafael Melo; Gonçalves Drummond, Marcela; dos Santos Alves Figueiredo Brasil, Bruno; Pereira Cosenza, Gustavo; das Graças Lins Brandão, Maria; Oliveira, Guilherme (2015-05-15). "Medicinal Plants Recommended by the World Health Organization: DNA Barcode Identification Associated with Chemical Analyses Guarantees Their Quality". PLOS ONE. 10 (5): e0127866. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1027866P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127866. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4433216. PMID 25978064.
^World Health Organization (2019). WHO global report on traditional and complementary medicine 2019. [Geneva]. ISBN 978-92-4-069932-8. OCLC 1122458802.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Pole, Sebastian (2006). Ayurvedic medicine : the principles of traditional practice. [Edinburgh]: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 044310090X. OCLC 460904361.
^Schipmann, U.; Leaman, D.J.; Cunningham, A.B.; Walter, S. (February 2005). "Impact of Cultivation and Collection on the Conservation of Medicinal Plants: Global Trends and Issues". Acta Horticulturae (676): 31–44. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.676.3. ISSN 0567-7572.
^ ab"Chapter 6. Ethnobotanicals of Western Ghats". Ethnobotany of India. Volume 2, Western Ghats and west coast of peninsular India. T. Pullaiah, Bir Bahadur, K. V. Krishnamurthy. Oakville, ON. 2017. ISBN 978-1-315-36614-2. OCLC 965340581.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
^Tushar; Basak, Supriyo; Sarma, Gajen C.; Rangan, Latha (2010-10-28). "Ethnomedical uses of Zingiberaceous plants of Northeast India". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 132 (1): 286–296. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.032. ISSN 0378-8741. PMID 20727402.
^Sajem, Albert L; Gosai, Kuldip (December 2006). "Traditional use of medicinal plants by the Jaintia tribes in North Cachar Hills district of Assam, northeast India". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2 (1): 33. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-2-33. ISSN 1746-4269. PMC 1563446. PMID 16899114.
^Ethnobotany of India. T. Pullaiah, K. V. Krishnamurthy, Bir Bahadur (First ed.). [Place of publication not identified]. 2021. ISBN 978-1-315-18662-7. OCLC 1249021654.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
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