Teeth blackening or teeth lacquering is a custom of dyeing one's teeth black. It was most predominantly practiced in Southeast Asian and Oceanic cultures, particularly among Austronesian, Austroasiatic, and Kra–Dai-speaking peoples. It was also practiced in Japan prior to the Meiji era, as well as in India.[1][2] It was also performed among some groups in the Americas, most notably among the Shuar people of northern Peru and Ecuador.[3]
Teeth blackening is usually done during puberty. It was seen as a sign of maturity, beauty, and civilization. A common belief is that blackened teeth differentiated humans from animals. Teeth blackening is often done in conjunction with traditions of tooth sharpening and dental evulsion, as well as other body modification customs like tattoos. Teeth blackening and filing were regarded with fascination and disapproval by early European explorers and colonists.
The practice survives in some isolated ethnic groups in Southeast Asia and Oceania but has mostly disappeared after the introduction of Western beauty standards during the colonial era.[1][2][3] It is mainly prevalent in older women, though the practice is still carried on by some younger women. Sometimes artificial teeth are used to achieve blackened teeth.
Teeth blackening is commonly confused with the red-stained teeth from betel chewing. However, betel chewing damages the teeth and gums, while teeth blackening does not.[1][2]
^ abcZumbroich, Thomas J. (2009). "'Teeth as black as a bumble bee's wings': The ethnobotany of teeth blackening in Southeast Asia". Ethnobotany Research & Applications. 7: 381–398. doi:10.17348/era.7.0.381-398. Archived from the original on 2015-09-17. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
^ abcZumbroich, Thomas (2015). "We Blacken Our Teeth with Oko to Make Them Firm: Teeth Blackening in Oceania". Anthropologica. 57: 539–555. Archived from the original on 2020-09-24. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
^ abPinchi, Vilma; Barbieri, Patrizia; Pradella, Francesco; Focardi, Martina; Bartolini, Viola; Norelli, Gian-Aristide (15 March 2015). "Dental Ritual Mutilations and Forensic Odontologist Practice: a Review of the Literature". Acta Stomatologica Croatica. 49 (1): 3–13. doi:10.15644/asc49/1/1. PMC 4945341. PMID 27688380.
Teethblackening or teeth lacquering is a custom of dyeing one's teeth black. It was most predominantly practiced in Southeast Asian and Oceanic cultures...
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hdl:10125/21020. Zumbroich, Thomas (2016). ""We blacken our teeth with oko to make them firm" - Teethblackening in Oceania". Anthropologica. 57 (2): 539–555...
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