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Mean free path information


In physics, mean free path is the average distance over which a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, or a photon) travels before substantially changing its direction or energy (or, in a specific context, other properties), typically as a result of one or more successive collisions with other particles.

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Mean free path

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In physics, mean free path is the average distance over which a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, or a photon) travels before substantially...

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Inelastic mean free path

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The inelastic mean free path (IMFP) is an index of how far an electron on average travels through a solid before losing energy. If a monochromatic, primary...

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Free electron model

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there are no interactions, thus the mean free path should be infinite. The Drude model considered the mean free path of electrons to be close to the distance...

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Mean free time

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collide with each other. The mean free time for a molecule in a fluid is the average time between collisions. The mean free path of the molecule is the product...

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Knudsen number

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(Kn) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the molecular mean free path length to a representative physical length scale. This length scale...

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Kinetic theory of gases

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vibrational molecular motions. In this same work he introduced the concept of mean free path of a particle. In 1859, after reading a paper about the diffusion of...

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Thermal conductivity and resistivity

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the mean free paths were found to be limited by "internal boundary scattering" to length scales of 10−2 cm to 10−3 cm. The phonon mean free path has been...

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Free molecular flow

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Free molecular flow describes the fluid dynamics of gas where the mean free path of the molecules is larger than the size of the chamber or of the object...

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Knudsen diffusion

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when the scale length of a system is comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of the particles involved. An example of this is in a long pore with...

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Neutron cross section

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macroscopic cross section Σ: R = Σ Φ {\displaystyle R=\Sigma \,\Phi } The mean free path λ of a random particle is the average length between two interactions...

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Path length

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space Optical path length, the product of the distance light travels and the refractive index of the medium it travels through Mean free path, the average...

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Kinetic diameter

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scattering event. Kinetic diameter is related to the mean free path of molecules in a gas. Mean free path is the average distance that a particle will travel...

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Glass transition

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terms of an approximately constant "mean free path" for lattice phonons, and that the value of the mean free path is of the order of magnitude of the...

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Effusion

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container through a hole of diameter considerably smaller than the mean free path of the molecules. Such a hole is often described as a pinhole and the...

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Speed of sound

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successively lower frequencies as atmospheric pressure decreases, or as the mean free path increases. For this reason, the concept of speed of sound (except for...

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Ballistic conduction

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obey Newton's second law of motion at non-relativistic speeds. The mean free path of a particle can be described as the average length that the particle...

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Turbomolecular pump

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freedom can be measured capacitively. At atmospheric pressure, the mean free path of air is about 70 nm. A turbomolecular pump can work only if those...

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Scattering

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bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF), S-matrices, and mean free path. When radiation is only scattered by one localized scattering center...

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Knudsen gas

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molecules between collisions (mean free path) is greater than the diameter of the receptacle that contains it. If the mean free path is much greater than the...

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Exosphere

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molecules experience one collision on average, then at this position the mean free path of a molecule is equal to one pressure scale height. This is shown in...

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Critical mass

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total interaction cross section σ (typically measured in barns), the mean free path of a prompt neutron is ℓ − 1 = n σ {\displaystyle \ell ^{-1}=n\sigma...

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Electrical mobility

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momentum-transfer mean free path and the momentum-transfer collision frequency are difficult to calculate. Many other mean free paths can be defined. In...

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Viscosity

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1 {\displaystyle 1} . The quantity λ {\displaystyle \lambda } , the mean free path, measures the average distance a molecule travels between collisions...

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Diffusion

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proportional to the mean free path. Knudsen diffusion occurs when the pore diameter is comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of the molecule diffusing...

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Townsend discharge

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If the mean free path is too short, the electron gives up its acquired energy in a series of non-ionising collisions. If the mean free path is too long...

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