1922 mass demonstration and coup d'état by the National Fascist Party in Rome, Italy
This article is about the incident in 1922. For the film by Dino Risi, see March on Rome (film). For earlier incidents during the late Roman Republic, see March on Rome (88 BC) and Caesar's civil war.
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March on Rome
Part of Civil unrest in Italy
Benito Mussolini and his Blackshirts during the March
Date
28–31 October 1922
Location
Rome, Italy
Action
Mussolini's Blackshirts conquered strategic points across the country and gathered outside Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III refused to declare a state of emergency and transferred power to the Fascists.
Result
Fascist coup d'état successful
Mussolini formed a new government
Belligerents
Italian Government
Royal Guards
National Fascist Party
Blackshirts
Commanders and leaders
Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Facta Antonio Salandra Paolino Taddei Marcello Soleri Giovanni Giolitti
Benito Mussolini Emilio De Bono Italo Balbo Roberto Farinacci Cesare De Vecchi Michele Bianchi
Political support
Liberals Socialists Populars Communists
Fascists Nationalists
The March on Rome (Italian: Marcia su Roma) was an organized mass demonstration in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy. In late October 1922, Fascist Party leaders planned a march on the capital. On 28 October, the fascist demonstrators and Blackshirt paramilitaries approached Rome; Prime Minister Luigi Facta wished to declare a state of siege, but this was overruled by King Victor Emmanuel III, who, fearing bloodshed, persuaded Facta to resign by threatening to abdicate. On 30 October 1922, the King appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister, thereby transferring political power to the fascists without armed conflict. On 31 October the fascist Blackshirts paraded in Rome, while Mussolini formed his coalition government.[1][2]
^Lyttelton, Adrian (2008). The Seizure of Power: Fascism in Italy, 1919–1919. New York: Routledge. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-0-415-55394-0.
^"March on Rome | Italian history". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
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Global Information
Victor Emmanuel III
Benito Mussolini 
Liberals
Socialists
Populars
Communists
Fascists
Nationalists