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War of Mutina information


War of Mutina
Part of the crisis of the Roman Republic
DateDecember 44 – April 43 BC
Location
Cisalpine Gaul and northern Italy
Result
  • Senate and Octavian defeat Antony
  • Octavian gains control of the armies of Hirtius and Pansa and turns on the Senate
  • Octavian marches on Rome
Belligerents
Mark Antony
  • Roman Republic
  • Roman Senate
Octavian
Commanders and leaders
  • Mark Antony
  • Lepidus
  • C. Pansa (DOW)
  • A. Hirtius 
  • D. Brutus
  • Cicero
  • Octavian
  • Q. Pedius
Strength
11 legions
  • 4 legions (Antony)
  • 7 legions (Lepidus)
23 legions
  • 10 legions (D. Brutus)
  • 13 legions (Pollio, Plancus, et al)
11 legions[1]

The War of Mutina (December 44 – April 43 BC; also called the Mutina war) was a civil war between the Roman Senate and Mark Antony in Northern Italy. It was the first civil war after the assassination of Julius Caesar.[2] The main issue of the war were attempts by the Senate to resist Antony's forceful assumption of the strategically important provinces of Transalpine and Cisalpine Gaul from their governors. The Senate, led by Cicero and the consuls (Aulus Hirtius and Gaius Vibius Pansa), attempted to woo Julius Caesar's heir (today known in this period as Octavian) to fight against Antony. Octavian, however, would pursue his own agenda.

The consuls, with Octavian, led troops into northern Italy against Antony and won two battles at Forum Gallorum and Mutina (14 and 21 April 43 BC). After the two consuls were mortally wounded at those battles, there emerged a political vacuum. Octavian – with the support of his men – demanded the consulship from the Senate and marched on Rome. After taking control of the city, Octavian and one of his kinsmen, Quintus Pedius, were irregularly elected consuls. They forced through legislation which had the effect of outlawing Julius Caesar's killers before starting negotiations with Antony. The negotiations resulted in the two men reconciling. With Lepidus, they then formed the Second Triumvirate.

  1. ^ Tempest 2011, p. 202.
  2. ^ As to name and dates, see Eder, Walter (2006). "Mutina, war of / Bellum Mutinense". Brill's New Pauly. doi:10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e813500.

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