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Lumumba Government Gouvernement Lumumba
1st Government of the Republic of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo)
Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba (left center, wearing bow tie) with his government outside the Palais de la Nation following its investiture
Date formed
24 June 1960 (1960-06-24)
Date dissolved
10 September 1960 (1960-09-10)[a]
People and organisations
Head of state
Joseph Kasa-Vubu[b]
Head of government
Patrice Lumumba
Deputy head of government
Antoine Gizenga
No. of ministers
23
Status in legislature
MNC-L-led coalition
Opposition leaders
Jean Bolikango Joseph Iléo Albert Kalonji
History
Election(s)
1960 Belgian Congo general election
Legislature term(s)
1st Congolese Parliament
Budget(s)
£51.5 million (July–December 1960)
Predecessor
none
Successor
1st Iléo Government[c]
The Lumumba Government (French: Gouvernement Lumumba), also known as the Lumumba Ministry or Lumumba Cabinet, was the first set of ministers, ministers of state, and secretaries of state that governed the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) under the leadership of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba from 24 June until 12 September 1960. The government inherited many problems from the era of the Belgian Congo, a tightly administered colony which for most of its existence had few political freedoms. Its members came from different social classes, different tribes, and held varied political beliefs. Weak and divided, its tenure was dominated by a widespread mutiny in the army and two secessions. An exodus of thousands of Belgian functionaries—who had controlled most of the bureaucracy—left the administration in disarray. The United Nations created a large multinational peacekeeping force to assist the government in reestablishing law and order. Western nations were under the impression that Lumumba was a communist, and the United States, Belgium, and France all worked to undermine and divide his government. Domestic opposition to the government cemented by late July, and Lumumba increasingly relied on only a few advisers, and rarely consulted the full Council of Ministers; several members of the government began acting without his direction. He resorted to increasingly authoritarian measures to maintain control over the country.
On 5 September, President Joseph Kasa-Vubu dismissed Lumumba and six other members of the government. The dismissal order was countersigned by two ministers who disapproved of Lumumba's actions. Lumumba refused to leave office and contested with his replacement over control of the administration. Parliament reaffirmed its confidence in the Lumumba Government, resulting in a constitutional deadlock. On 14 September, Colonel Joseph-Désiré Mobutu launched a coup that definitely removed Lumumba from power and installed his own regime. Lumumba was later murdered, and the constitutional crisis created by his removal remained unresolved until 1961.
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^Franck 1962, p. 650.
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