Government in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (June–September 1960)
Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba (left center, wearing bow tie) with his government outside the Palais de la Nation following its investiture
The Lumumba Government was the first set of ministers, ministers of state, and secretaries of state that governed the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) under the leadership of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba from 24 June until 12 September 1960. It was hastily formed over the period of several weeks in June, and was supported by a slight majority coalition in Parliament. Weak and divided, its tenure was dominated by a widespread mutiny in the army and two secessions.
The Belgian Congo was a tightly-administered colony and for most of is existence there were few political freedoms. Following World War II, a period of economic growth led to the creation of an African middle class, the évolués. The évolués demanded better conditions for the native Congolese and more latitude to engage in politics. In the late 1950s municipal elections were held and restrictions on political parties were lifted. An independence movement quickly emerged, led by figures such as Patrice Lumumba and Joseph Kasa-Vubu. Fears that the situation might turn violent led the Belgian government to agree to relinquish the Congo and grant it independence on 30 June 1960. A provisional constitution, providing for a bicameral parliamentary regime with a responsible government and prime minister and an irresponsible head of state, was instituted, and general elections were hastily organised.
Lumumba's nationalist party, the Mouvement National Congolais (MNC), won a plurality of the seats in Parliament, much to the disappointment of the Belgians. In the following weeks Lumumba and his more moderate opponents both attempted to form their own coalitions to secure the parliamentary majority necessary for a vote of confidence in a government. After much hesitation, King Baudouin of Belgium appointed Lumumba formateur, tasking him with creating a government. On 23 June Lumumba announced his completed government, consisting of 23 ministers, 4 ministers of state, and 10 secretaries of state, and presented it to the lower house of Parliament, the Chamber of Deputies. Though it represented nearly all major parties, many deputies were displeased with its composition and the vote of confidence succeeded by only a small margin. The Senate gave a more decisive vote of approval the following day, and the Lumumba Government was officially invested. With Lumumba's backing, Parliament elected Kasa-Vubu President.
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TheLumumbaGovernment (French: Gouvernement Lumumba), also known as theLumumba Ministry or Lumumba Cabinet, was the first set of ministers, ministers...
Lumumba (/lʊˈmʊmbə/ ; 2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961), born Isaïe Tasumbu Tawosa, was a Congolese politician and independence leader who served as the...
Anicet Kashamura, Secretary of State Antoine-Roger Bolamba, and Secretary of State Jacques Lumbala. The 37-strong LumumbaGovernment was very diverse, with...
executed in 1961. A rival governmentofthe "Free Republic ofthe Congo" was founded in the eastern city of Stanleyville by Lumumba supporters led by Antoine...
being Patrice Emery Lumumba. Over the years, the position's powers and attributions have varied widely, and there were long periods of time under Mobutu...
where the regional governmentsof Katanga and South Kasai attempted to gain independence with Belgian support. Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to...
Congolese government forces fully defeated the Simba rebels by November 1965. Lumumba had previously appointed Mobutu chief of staff ofthe new Congo...
Lumumba, who had been ousted from power in 1960 by Joseph Kasa-Vubu and Joseph-Désiré Mobutu and subsequently killed in January 1961 in Katanga. The rebellion...
declaring prime minister Lumumba deposed from his functions, and vice versa. The stalemate was ended with thegovernment's arrest ofLumumba. In January 1961...
Congolais-Lumumba (MNC-L) and the Parti National du Progrès, submitted lists in more than one district. The MNC-L, led by Patrice Lumumba, won the most seats...
portfolio in Lumumba's national government. Kalonji refused Lumumba's offer ofthe Agriculture portfolio. Mukenge attempted to form a governmentof unity, even...
municipal elections and the formationof political parties. The following year Kasongo's friend, Patrice Lumumba, created the Mouvement National Congolais...
"neutralize" both Kasavubu and Lumumba." Mobutu formed the College of Commissioners-General, a technocratic governmentof university graduates. In early...
with the Leopoldville government under the latter's rule, however in 1963, Lumumba supporters formed another separate government in the east ofthe country...
a source of inspiration for the MNC-Lumumba. It was this Lumumbist heritage which the MPR tried to appropriate in its effort to mobilise the Zairian masses...
he graduated from school in the city of Volzhsky. In 1978 he graduated from the Faculty of Economics and Law Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University...
leader Patrice Lumumba. In the 1970s, the ASIS and the CIA jointly orchestrated the overthrow of Chile's President Salvador Allende. Also in the 1970s, a senior...
who had supported Patrice Lumumba (1925–1961), as well as ethnic and regional minorities opposed to the nominal dominance of Kinshasa. Laurent-Désiré Kabila...
Lumumba's policies. Five days later he announced that he would support theformationof a separate republic in Équateur Province. In return, Lumumba accused...
swayed the White House. Eisenhower ordered that Lumumba be "eliminated." In September 1960, President Joseph Kasa-Vubu ordered the dismissal ofLumumba and...
treaties. The president appoints the Prime Minister and, acting on the advice ofthe latter, appoints and removes the other members ofthegovernment. The president...
dismissal ofthe democratically elected Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba and theLumumba cabinet in September over massacres by the armed forces during the invasion...
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