Château Clique oligarchy under a constitutional monarchy
Sovereign
• 1791–1820
George III
• 1820–1830
George IV
• 1830–1837
William IV
• 1837–1841
Victoria
Lieutenant-Governor and Executive Council of Lower Canada
Legislature
Parliament of Lower Canada
• Upper house
Legislative Council
• Lower house
Legislative Assembly
Historical era
British Era
• Constitutional Act of 1791
26 December 1791
• Act of Union 1840
10 February 1841
Area
1839[3]
534,185 km2 (206,250 sq mi)
Population
• 1839[3]
c. 700,000
Currency
Canadian pound
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Province of Quebec (1763–1791)
Province of Canada
Colony of Newfoundland
Today part of
Canada
∟Quebec
∟Newfoundland and Labrador
The Province of Lower Canada (French: province du Bas-Canada) was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791–1841). It covered the southern portion of the current Province of Quebec and the Labrador region of the current Province of Newfoundland and Labrador (until the Labrador region was transferred to Newfoundland in 1809).[4]
Lower Canada consisted of part of the former colony of Canada of New France, conquered by Great Britain in the Seven Years' War ending in 1763 (also called the French and Indian War in the United States). Other parts of New France conquered by Britain became the Colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island.
The Province of Lower Canada was created by the Constitutional Act 1791 from the partition of the British colony of the Province of Quebec (1763–1791)[5] into the Province of Lower Canada and the Province of Upper Canada. The prefix "lower" in its name refers to its geographic position farther downriver from the headwaters of the St. Lawrence River than its contemporary Upper Canada, present-day southern Ontario.
Lower Canada was abolished in 1841 when it and adjacent Upper Canada were united into the Province of Canada.[6]
^"Early flags". Government of Canada. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
^"Royal Union Flag". The Flags of Canada. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
^"The emigrant's handbook of facts concerning Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Cape of Good Hope, &c". Open Library. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
^"Labrador–Canada Boundary". marianopolis. 2007. Retrieved 20 March 2008. Labrador Act, 1809. – An imperial act (49 Geo. III, cap. 27), 1809, provided for the re-annexation to Newfoundland of 'such parts of the coast of Labrador from the River St John to Hudson's Streights, and the said Island of Anticosti, and all other smaller islands so annexed to the Government of Newfoundland by the said Proclamation of the seventh day of October one thousand seven hundred and sixty-three (except the said Islands of Madelaine) shall be separated from the said Government of Lower Canada, and be again re-annexed to the Government of Newfoundland.'
^Fernand Ouellet (4 March 2015). "Lower Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Toronto: Historica Canada. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
^James Maurice Stockford Careless; Richard Foot (4 March 2015). "Province of Canada 1841–1867". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Toronto: Historica Canada. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
The Province of LowerCanada (French: province du Bas-Canada) was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint...
LowerCanada Tories is a general name for individuals and parliamentary groups in LowerCanada, and later in the Province of Canada's division of Canada...
The LowerCanada Rebellion (French: rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' War (Guerre des patriotes) in French, is the name...
LowerCanada College (LCC) is an English-language elementary and secondary level independent school located in Montreal, Quebec. It is located in the Monkland...
The Republic of LowerCanada was a break-away state proclaimed in the aftermath of the 1837 Rebellions. The defeat of the rebellion meant that the state...
by the Crown on 10 February 1841, merged the Colonies of Upper Canada and LowerCanada by abolishing their separate parliaments and replacing them with...
called Upper Canada and LowerCanada. These two colonies were collectively named the Canadas until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841....
The Canadas is the collective name for the provinces of LowerCanada and Upper Canada, two historical British colonies in present-day Canada. The two colonies...
Legislative Assembly of LowerCanada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in LowerCanada until 1838. The legislative...
The Declaration of Independence of LowerCanada (French: Déclaration d'indépendance du Bas-Canada) was written in French by the patriot rebel Robert Nelson...
the Saint Lawrence River, contrasted with LowerCanada (present-day Quebec) to the northeast. Upper Canada was the primary destination of Loyalist refugees...
of Quebec was divided into Upper and LowerCanada in 1791. The two provinces were united as the Province of Canada by the Act of Union 1840, which came...
of LowerCanada was the legislature for LowerCanada. It was created when the old Province of Quebec was split into LowerCanada and Upper Canada in 1791...
(1763–1791), then LowerCanada (1791–1841), and lastly part of the Province of Canada (1841–1867) as a result of the LowerCanada Rebellion. It was confederated...
causes of the Upper and LowerCanada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the...
the Province of Canada adopted an Act to create local authorities in LowerCanada which took effect in July 1845. The structure was abolished and replaced...
province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada, as well as the other Commonwealth realms and any subdivisions thereof,...
The Civil Code of LowerCanada (French: Code civil du Bas-Canada) was a law that was in effect in LowerCanada on 1 August 1866 and remained in effect...
Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution. In the...
"Upper Town" west of the canal and "Lower Town" east of the canal. Similar to its Upper Canada and LowerCanada namesakes, historically, "Upper Town"...
varying degrees, rendered slavery unenforceable in both LowerCanada and Nova Scotia. In LowerCanada, for example, after court decisions in the late 1790s...
rebellion in LowerCanada (present-day Quebec), which started the previous month, that emboldened rebels in Upper Canada to revolt. The Upper Canada Rebellion...
The Executive Council of LowerCanada was an appointive body created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. Its function was to advise the Governor or his...
body consists of the King of Canada, represented by a viceroy, the governor general; an upper house, the Senate; and a lower house, the House of Commons...
occurred in Upper Canada shortly thereafter, its leaders inspired by the events in LowerCanada. The inaugural uprising in LowerCanada began in November...
The large size of Canada's north, which is not at present arable, and thus cannot support large human populations, significantly lowers the country's carrying...
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