Legislature of the United Colony of British Columbia
General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
General Assembly of Newfoundland (then suspended)
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Leadership
Monarch
Charles III since 8 September 2022
Governor General
Mary Simon since 26 July 2021
Speaker of the Senate
Raymonde Gagné, (Non-affiliated) since 12 May 2023
Speaker of the House of Commons
Greg Fergus, (Liberal) since 3 October 2023
Prime Minister
Justin Trudeau, (Liberal) since 4 November 2015
Leader of the Opposition
Pierre Poilievre, (Conservative) since 10 September 2022
Structure
Seats
443 338 Members of Parliament 105 senators
Senate political groups
Independent Senators Group (40)
Canadian Senators Group (16)
Conservative (15)
Progressive Senate Group (14)
Non-affiliated (10)
Vacant (10)
House of Commons political groups
His Majesty's Government
Liberal (156)
Confidence and supply
New Democratic (25)[1]
His Majesty's Loyal Opposition
Conservative (118)
Parties with official status
Bloc Québécois (32)
Parties without official status
Green (2)
Independent (3)
Vacant (2)
Elections
Senate voting system
Appointment by the governor general on advice of the prime minister
House of Commons voting system
First-past-the-post
Last House of Commons election
20 September 2021
Meeting place
House of Commons of Canada – West Block – Parliament Hill Ottawa, Ontario Canada and Senate of Canada – Senate of Canada Building 2 Rideau Street Ottawa, Ontario Canada
Website
www.parl.ca
The Parliament of Canada (French: Parlement du Canada) is the federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons.[2] By constitutional convention, the House of Commons is dominant, with the Senate rarely opposing its will. The Senate reviews legislation from a less partisan standpoint and may initiate certain bills. The monarch or his representative, normally the governor general, provides royal assent to make bills into law.
The governor general, on behalf of the monarch, summons and appoints the 105 senators on the advice of the prime minister, while each of the 338 members of the House of Commons – called members of Parliament (MPs) – represents an electoral district, commonly referred to as a riding, and are elected by Canadian voters residing in the riding. The governor general also summons and calls together the House of Commons, and may prorogue or dissolve Parliament, in order to either end a parliamentary session or call a general election. The governor general also delivers the Throne Speech at the opening of each new Parliament (the monarch occasionally has done so, instead of the governor general, when visiting Canada).
The current Parliament, summoned by Governor General Mary Simon in November 2021, is the 44th Parliament since Confederation in 1867. The official languages of the Parliament are English and French.[3]
^"Liberals, NDP agree to confidence deal seeing Trudeau government maintain power until 2025". CTV News. 22 March 2022.
^Queen Victoria (1867), Constitution Act, 1867, Westminster: Queen's Printer (published 29 March 1867), IV.17, retrieved 15 January 2009
^Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms,s. 16(1).
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