List of countries by suicide rate information

The following are lists of countries by estimated suicide rates as published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other sources.^{[note 1]}

In many countries, suicide rates are underreported due to social stigma, cultural or legal concerns.^[3] Thus, these figures cannot be used to compare real suicide rates, which are unknown in most countries.

As of 2016, there was an estimated global suicide rate of 10.5 per 100,000 population^[4] down from 11.6 in 2008.^[5] In high-income modernized countries male and female rates of suicidal behaviors differ much compared to those in the rest of the world: while women are reportedly more prone to suicidal thoughts, rates of suicide are higher among men, which has been described as a "silent epidemic".^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

A study in 2019 found that between 1990 and 2016 global age-standardized suicide rates fell by a third; the rates in 2016 were about 16 deaths per 100,000 men and 7 deaths per 100,000 women. Women experienced a greater decrease compared with men over the study period.^[11]^[12]

In much of the world, suicide is stigmatized and condemned for religious or cultural reasons. In some countries, suicidal behavior is a criminal offence punishable by law. Suicide is therefore often a secretive act surrounded by taboo, and may be unrecognized, misclassified or deliberately hidden in official records of death.^[6]
— World Health Organization (2002)

As such, suicide rates may be higher than measured, with men more at risk of dying by suicide than women across nearly all cultures and backgrounds.^[13] Suicide prevention and intervention is an important topic for all peoples, according to the WHO.^[14]

^ "About the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.
^ "GBD History". Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. 18 April 2013.
^ "Suicides". Our World in Data.
^ "With one suicide every 40 seconds, WHO urges action". 10 September 2019. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020.
^ Värnik, P (March 2012). "Suicide in the world". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 9 (3): 760–71. doi:10.3390/ijerph9030760. PMC 3367275. PMID 22690161.
^ ^a ^b WHO (2002). "Self-directed violence" (PDF). www.who.int. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2022.
^ Colby Itkowitz (31 August 2016). "Men die by suicide at alarming rates. This hashtag tells men 'it's okay to talk' about their emotions". Washington Post.
^ Cutcliffe, John R.; José Santos; Paul S. Links; Juveria Zaheer, eds. (2016). Routledge International Handbook of Clinical Suicide Research. Routledge. ISBN 9781134459292.
^ O'Brien, Jodi, ed. (2009). Encyclopedia of Gender and Society. SAGE Publications. p. 817. ISBN 9781452266022.
^ Dan Bilsker; Jennifer White (2011). "The silent epidemic of male suicide". www.bcmj.org. BCMJ.
^ Global rates of suicide death have fallen by a third since 1990, study finds
^ Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
^ Schumacher, Helene. "Why more men than women die by suicide". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
^ "Suicide". www.who.int. Retrieved 21 December 2021.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[WHOaboutGBD-1] "About the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.

[2] "GBD History". Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. 18 April 2013.

[4] "Suicides". Our World in Data.

[5] "With one suicide every 40 seconds, WHO urges action". 10 September 2019. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020.

[Var2012-6] Värnik, P (March 2012). "Suicide in the world". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 9 (3): 760–71. doi:10.3390/ijerph9030760. PMC 3367275. PMID 22690161.

[WHO2002-7] WHO (2002). "Self-directed violence" (PDF). www.who.int. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2022.

[8] Colby Itkowitz (31 August 2016). "Men die by suicide at alarming rates. This hashtag tells men 'it's okay to talk' about their emotions". Washington Post.

[RouIntHand2016-9] Cutcliffe, John R.; José Santos; Paul S. Links; Juveria Zaheer, eds. (2016). Routledge International Handbook of Clinical Suicide Research. Routledge. ISBN 9781134459292.

[EncGenSoc2009-10] O'Brien, Jodi, ed. (2009). Encyclopedia of Gender and Society. SAGE Publications. p. 817. ISBN 9781452266022.

[BCMJ2011-11] Dan Bilsker; Jennifer White (2011). "The silent epidemic of male suicide". www.bcmj.org. BCMJ.

[12] Global rates of suicide death have fallen by a third since 1990, study finds

[13] Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

[14] Schumacher, Helene. "Why more men than women die by suicide". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 21 December 2021.

[15] "Suicide". www.who.int. Retrieved 21 December 2021.

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Epidemiology of suicide

Suicide
Social aspects ACEs Altruistic Bullying Copycat Dysfunctional family Epidemic Identity performance Legislation Philosophy Religious views Right to die School bullying Shame Social isolation Social media and suicide Social rejection Social support Toxic workplace Voluntary euthanasia Workplace bullying
Crisis Assessment of risk Crisis hotline (list) Intervention Prevention Suicide attempt Suicide watch
Types Assisted Bullying and suicide (list) Copycat Familicide Forced Honor Jauhar Mass Murder–suicide Prisoner suicide Rail Pact Internet Prayopavesa Sallekhana Sati Self-sacrifice Senicide Seppuku Sokushinbutsu Suicide attack Vatakkiruttal
Epidemiology Gender differences LGBT-related suicides Methods Rate by country Seasonal effects Suicidal person Youth suicide among LGBT youth
History List of suicides Suicide in antiquity List of suicides in the 21st century
In warfare Banzai charge Kamikaze Suicide mission
Related phenomena Anguish Alcoholism Anhedonia Anxiety disorder Autism spectrum Coping Coping planning Depression (mood) Diseases of despair Echo chamber Grief Ideation Locations Major depressive disorder Mental disorder Neurodevelopmental disorder Non-suicidal self-injury Perfectionism Schizophrenia Self-harm Self-hatred Substance abuse Suffering Suicidal ambivalence Suicide and the Internet Suicide and trauma Suicide awareness Suicide in colleges in the United States Suicide in music subcultures Suicide note Suicide survivor Suicide terminology Suicide tourism Suicidology Warning signs of suicide
By country Rate by country Afghanistan Australia Bangladesh Cameroon Canada China France Greenland India Iran Ireland Japan Lithuania Nepal Pakistan Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom United States
Organizations Compassion & Choices Death with Dignity National Center Dignitas Exit International Final Exit Network Hemlock Society
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