Suicide is a major national public health issue in the India. 1.71 lakh suicides were recorded in 2022, registering a 4.2% increase over 2021 and a jump of 27% compared to 2018. The rate of suicide per one lakh population has increased to 12.4 in 2022 which is the highest rate of deaths from suicides since 1967, which is the earliest recorded year for this data.[1][2][3] Suicides during 2022 increased by 27% in comparison to 2018 with India reporting highest number of suicides in the world.[4] India's contribution to global suicide deaths increased from 25.3% in 1990 to 36.6% in 2016 among women, and from 18.7% to 24.3% among men.[5] In 2016, suicide was the most common cause of death in both the age groups of 15–29 years and 15–39 years.[6] Daily wage earners accounted for 26% of suicide victims, the largest group in the suicide data.[7][8]
The male-to-female suicide ratio in 2021 was 72.5 : 27.4.[9]
Estimates for number of suicides in India vary. For example, a study published in The Lancet projected 187,000 suicides in India in 2010,[10] while official data by the Government of India claims 134,600 suicides in the same year.[11] Similarly, for 2019, while NCRB reported India's suicide rate to be 10.4, according to WHO data, the estimated age-standardized suicide rate in India for the same year is 12.9. They have estimated it to be 11.1 for women and 14.7 for men.[12]
^Jha, Abhishek (29 August 2022). "Deaths by suicide at their highest rate in 2021, shows NCRB data". The Hindustan Times. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
^"468 people took their lives every day in 2022: NCRB data". The Times of India. 5 December 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
^Narayanan, Jayashree (30 August 2022). "NCRB report 2021: 7.2 per cent increase in death by suicide; experts say 'busting myths, stigma is crucial'". The Indian Express. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
^Dandona, Rakhi; Kumar, G. Anil; Dhaliwal, R. S.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Vos, Theo; Shukla, D. K.; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Gururaj, G.; Thakur, J. S.; Ambekar, Atul; Sagar, Rajesh (1 October 2018). "Gender differentials and state variations in suicide deaths in India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016". The Lancet Public Health. 3 (10): e478–e489. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30138-5. ISSN 2468-2667. PMC 6178873. PMID 30219340.
^"Gender differentials and state variations in suicide deaths in India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016". Lancet. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
^"'Daily wage earners' biggest group among death by suicides in 2021: NCRB". Business Standard. 30 August 2022. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
^"468 people took their lives every day in 2022: NCRB data". The Times of India. 5 December 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
^"45,026 females committed suicide in 2021, over half were housewives". The Hindu. 30 August 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
^Patel, V.; Ramasundarahettige, C.; Vijayakumar, L.; Thakur, J. S.; Gajalakshmi, V.; Gururaj, G.; Suraweera, W.; Jha, P. (2012). "Suicide mortality in India: A nationally representative survey". The Lancet. 379 (9834): 2343–51. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60606-0. PMC 4247159. PMID 22726517.
^Suicides in India Archived 13 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Registrar General of India, Government of India (2012)
^"GHO | By category | Suicide rate estimates, age-standardized - Estimates by country". WHO. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
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