Sindhis (Sindhi: سنڌي, Devanagari: सिन्धी, Romanised: Sin-dhee) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who speak the Sindhi language and are native to the Sindh province of Pakistan. Besides Sindh the historical homeland of Sindhis are regions like Kacchi Plain, the Lasbela and Makran regions in Balochistan,[1] the Bahawalpur region[2] of Punjab,[3] the Kutch region of Gujarat,[4][5] and Jaisalmer and Barmer regions of Rajasthan, India.[6] There are many Sindhi-Hindus who migrated to India after partition in 1947.[7][8]
Most Sindhi tribes and Clans are a modified form of a patronymic and typically end with the suffix - ani, Ja/Jo, or Potra/Pota, which is used to denote descent from a common male ancestor. One explanation states that the -ani suffix is a Sindhi variant of 'anshi', derived from the Sanskrit word 'ansh', which means 'descended from'.[9][10]
Sindhi people have many Sindhi communities which have many tribes and their clans called "Nukh, Para and Orakh" in Sindhi,[11] some of major Sindhi communities are Sindhi Sammats, Sindhi Rajputs, Sindhi Jats, Sindhi muslim reverts (Memon, Shaikh, Khuwaja), Sindhi Lohana (Bhaiband, Sahti, Amil), Sindhi Waniya, Arora, Sindhi fisherpeople (Mohana, Mallah, Med), Sindhi tribals/articans tribes, and few Arab, Mughal, Turkic and African Sheedi communities, list of Sindhi tribes is given below: [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
^Nicolini, Beatrice (2004-01-01). Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-Terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean, 1799-1856. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-13780-6.
^Khan, Hussain Ahmad (2004-08-01). Re-Thinking Punjab: The Construction of Siraiki Identity. Research and Publication Centre, National College of Arts, Lahore. ISBN 978-969-8623-09-8.
^Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
^DADUZEN, Dayal N. Harjani aka (2018-07-19). Sindhi Roots & Rituals - Part 1. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64249-289-7.
^Faiz, Asma (2021-12-09). In Search of Lost Glory: Sindhi Nationalism in Pakistan. Hurst Publishers. ISBN 978-1-78738-632-7.
^Neuman, Daniel M.; Chaudhuri, Shubha; Kothari, Komal (2005). Bards, Ballads and Boundaries: An Ethnographic Atlas of Music Traditions in West Rajasthan. Seagull. ISBN 978-1-905422-07-4.
^Bhavnani, Nandita (2014). The Making of Exile: Sindhi Hindus and the Partition of India. Tranquebar Press. ISBN 978-93-84030-33-9.
^Falzon, Mark-Anthony (2004). Cosmopolitan Connections: The Sindhi Diaspora, 1860-2000. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-14008-0.
^"Sindhishaan - Whats in Name". sindhishaan.com. Retrieved 2023-05-18.
^Thapan, Anita Raina (2002). Sindhi Diaspora in Manila, Hong Kong, and Jakarta. Ateneo University Press. ISBN 978-971-550-406-5.
^Bhanu, B. V. (2004). Maharashtra. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7991-102-0.
^Sherring, Matthew A. (1879). Hindu Tribes and Castes: As Represented in Benares ; with Illustrations. Thacker.
^Nahyan, Mansoor Bin Tahnoon Al; Hussain, Jamal; Ghafoor, Asad ul (2019-05-09). Tribes of Pakistan. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5275-3439-1.
^Gazetteer of the Province of Sind. Government at the "Mercantile" Steam Press. 1907.
^Gujarat. Popular Prakashan. 2003. ISBN 978-81-7991-106-8.
^Ajwani, Lalsing Hazarising (1984). History of Sindhi Literature. Allied Book Company.
^Sherring, Matthew A. (1879). Hindu Tribes and Castes: As Represented in Benares ; with Illustrations. Thacker. p. 350.
^Khair Mohammad Buriro Sewhani (2005). ذاتين جي انسائيڪلوپيڊيا (in Sindhi).
^"Hindu Castes and Sects of Shahdadkot Sindh 2014 - [PDF Document]". vdocuments.mx. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
^Census of India, 1891. 1892.
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