Sindhi written in Perso-Arabic script and Devanagari
Native to
Pakistan
India
Region
Sindh and near the border in neighbouring regions such as Kutch and Balochistan
Ethnicity
Sindhis
Native speakers
c. 32 million (2011–2017)
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Northwestern
Sindhic
Sindhi
Writing system
Naskh script, Devanagari and others[1]
Official status
Official language in
Pakistan
Sindh (provincial official)[2]
India (scheduled language)[1]
Regulated by
Sindhi Language Authority (Pakistan)
National Council for Promotion of Sindhi Language (India)
Language codes
ISO 639-1
sd
ISO 639-2
snd
ISO 639-3
snd
Glottolog
sind1272 Sindhi
Linguasphere
59-AAF-f
The proportion of people with Sindhi as their mother tongue in each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
Sindhi is not endangered according to the classification system of the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
Sindhi language (Earth)
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This article contains Sindhi text, written from right to left with some letters joined. Without proper rendering support, you may see unjoined letters or other symbols instead of Sindhi script.
Sindhi (/ˈsɪndi/;[3] Sindhi: سِنڌِي(Perso-Arabic), सिन्धी(Devanagari)[sɪndʱiː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has official status. It is also spoken by a further 1.7 million people in India, where it is a scheduled language, without any state-level official status. The main writing system is the Perso-Arabic script, which accounts for the majority of the Sindhi literature and is the only one currently used in Pakistan. In India, both the Perso-Arabic script and Devanagari are used.
Sindhi is first attested in historical records within the Nātyaśāstra, a text thought to have been composed between 200 B.C. and 200 A.D. The earliest written evidence of Sindhi as a language can be found in a translation of the Qur’an into Sindhi dating back to 883 A.D.[4] Sindhi was one of the first Indo-Aryan languages to encounter influence from Persian and Arabic following the Umayyad conquest in 712 CE. A substantial body of Sindhi literature developed during the Medieval period, the most famous of which is the religious and mystic poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai from the 18th century. Modern Sindhi was promoted under British rule beginning in 1843, which led to the current status of the language in independent Pakistan after 1947.
^ abIyengar, Arvind; Parchani, Sundri (2021). "Like Community, Like Language: Seventy-Five Years of Sindhi in Post-Partition India". Journal of Sindhi Studies. 1: 1–32. doi:10.1163/26670925-bja10002. S2CID 246551773. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^"Encyclopædia Britannica". Sindhi Language. Retrieved December 29, 2013.
^Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
^Cite error: The named reference ELL was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
symbols instead of Sindhi script. Sindhi (/ˈsɪndi/; Sindhi: سِنڌِي (Perso-Arabic), सिन्धी (Devanagari) [sɪndʱiː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about...
The Sindhilanguages or Sindhic are Sindhi, its dialects and those Indo-Aryan languages closest to it. They include some varieties traditionally considered...
ethnolinguistic group who speak the Sindhilanguage and are native to the Sindh province of Pakistan. The historical homeland of Sindhis is bordered by the southeastern...
Sindhi given names are the first names in Sindhilanguage are used among Sindhi people. Most of Sindhis are Muslims and their given names are mostly of...
Sindhis in India (Sindhi, Devanagari: सिन्धी, Sindhī, Naskh script: سنڌي) refer to a socio-ethnic group of people living in the Republic of India, originating...
Sindhis (Sindhi: سنڌي, Devanagari: सिन्धी, Romanised: Sin-dhee) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who speak the Sindhilanguage and are native to...
Sindhi literature (Sindhi: سنڌي ادب) is the collection of oral and written literature in the Sindhilanguage in prose (romantic tales and epic stories)...
The SindhiLanguage Authority (abbreviated as SLA; Sindhi: سنڌي ٻوليءَ جو با اختيار ادارو, romanized: Sindhī Bōlī’a Jō Bā Ikhtiyār Idārō) is an autonomous...
Sindh region Sindhilanguage, the Indo-Aryan language spoken by them Sarkash Sindhi (1940–2012), poet of the Sindhilanguage Ubaidullah Sindhi (1872–1944)...
speakers of Sindhi in India, including speakers of Kutchi, a number that does not include Sindhi Hindus who no longer speak the Sindhilanguage. The vast...
include Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Saraiki, Urdu, Balochi, Hindko, Pahari-Pothwari and Brahui. There are approximately 60 local languages with fewer than a million...
transitional language between Punjabi and Sindhi. Spoken in Upper Sindh as well as the southern Panjab, it is sometimes considered a dialect of either Sindhi or...
Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Kutch region of India and Sindh region of Pakistan. Some scholars have considered Kutchi to be a dialect of Sindhi, but the...
The Sindhi Jats (Sindhi: سنڌي جت/جاٽ) are the Sindhi community, who are the indigenous population of Sindh. All the Jats of Sindh are muslims except one...
List of Sindhi-language films Sindhilanguages List of Sindhi-language newspapers List of Sindhi-language television channels Sindhi-language media List...
Sindhi as their first language. The present chief of the Memon Community of Sindh is Sharjeel Inam Memon. Unlike other Memons, Sindhi Memon remained in their...
Sindhi Cultural Day (Sindhi: سنڌي ثقافتي ڏھاڙو) is a popular Sindhi cultural festival. It is celebrated with traditional enthusiasm to highlight the centuries-old...
why the Sindhis have a language, folklore, traditions, customs, and lifestyle that are so different from the neighbouring regions. The Sindhi culture...
The Red Sindhi is a dairy breed of zebuine cattle. It is believed to originate in western Sindh and in the Las Bela area of Balochistan, now in Pakistan...
Ajrak (Sindhi: اجرڪ), also known as Ajrakh, is a unique form of textile block-printing found primarily in Sindh, Pakistan and the village of Ajrakhpur...
The Sindhi cap, locally called Sindhī ṭopī (Sindhi: سنڌي ٽوپي) rarely known as the Sindhi Kufi, is a skullcap worn predominantly by Sindhis in Sindh,...
languages in areas of settlement. Memoni is a mixture of Sindhi, Kutchi and Gujarati languages.[citation needed] Haji Mohammed Husein Abdel Kareem Nagani...
Sindhi Canadians (Sindhi: سنڌي ڪينيڊين (Perso-Arabic); सिंधी कनाडाई (Devanagari);) refer to Sindhis that are citizens of Canada or those that have ancestry...
Sindhi folk music (Sindhi: سنڌي لوڪ موسيقي) is traditional folk music and singing from Sindh, is sung and is generally performed of 5 genres that originated...
known as Sarmad Sindhi (7 July 1961 – 27 December 1996), was a Sindhi folk singer and songwriter in Pakistan. He used Sindhilanguage and is considered...
dialects all mixed of Sindhi and Rajasthani (Marwari) with varying proportions, the Indo-Aryan Languages of the Indo-European language family. Dhatki/Dhatti...
Sindhi cinema refers to the Sindhilanguage film industry in Sindh, Pakistan and among the Sindhi diaspora specially in India. The first Sindhi film was...
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