Molecular orbital theory applied to transition metal complexes
Ligand field theory (LFT) describes the bonding, orbital arrangement, and other characteristics of coordination complexes.[1][2][3][4] It represents an application of molecular orbital theory to transition metal complexes. A transition metal ion has nine valence atomic orbitals - consisting of five nd, one (n+1)s, and three (n+1)p orbitals. These orbitals have the appropriate energy to form bonding interactions with ligands. The LFT analysis is highly dependent on the geometry of the complex, but most explanations begin by describing octahedral complexes, where six ligands coordinate with the metal. Other complexes can be described with reference to crystal field theory.[5] Inverted ligand field theory (ILFT) elaborates on LFT by breaking assumptions made about relative metal and ligand orbital energies.
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Ballhausen, Carl Johan,"Introduction to Ligand Field Theory",McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1962
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Griffith, J.S. (2009). The Theory of Transition-Metal Ions (re-issue ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521115995.
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Schläfer, H. L.; Gliemann, G. "Basic Principles of Ligand Field Theory" Wiley Interscience: New York; 1969
^Bhatt, Vasishta (2016-01-01), Bhatt, Vasishta (ed.), "Chapter 1 - Basic Coordination Chemistry", Essentials of Coordination Chemistry, Academic Press, pp. 1–35, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803895-6.00001-x, ISBN 978-0-12-803895-6, retrieved 2024-06-18
^G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr "Inorganic Chemistry" 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-035471-6.
and 25 Related for: Ligand field theory information
Ligandfieldtheory (LFT) describes the bonding, orbital arrangement, and other characteristics of coordination complexes. It represents an application...
and ligand orbital energies, requiring the use of inverted ligandfieldtheory (ILFT) to better describe bonding. According to crystal fieldtheory, the...
orbitals, called the ligand-field splitting parameter in ligandfieldtheory, or the crystal-field splitting parameter in crystal fieldtheory. The splitting...
Inverted ligandfieldtheory (ILFT) describes a phenomenon in the bonding of coordination complexes where the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital is primarily...
Molecular Orbital Theory also spawned ligandfieldtheory, which was developed during the 1930s and 1940s as an alternative to crystal fieldtheory. Molecular...
resonance, and molecular orbital theory which includes the linear combination of atomic orbitals and ligandfieldtheory. Electrostatics are used to describe...
coordination complexes; crystal fieldtheory and ligandfieldtheory, which is a more advanced version based on molecular orbital theory. However the d electron...
described by ligandfieldtheory (LFT) and Molecular orbital theory (MO). Ligandfieldtheory, introduced in 1935 and built from molecular orbital theory, can...
pair theory — Baeyer strain theory — Quantum theory of atoms in molecules — Collision theory — Ligandfieldtheory (successor to Crystal fieldtheory) —...
states are treated by atomic orbital, molecular orbital, LigandFieldTheory and Crystal FieldTheory. If photons of a particular wavelength are absorbed by...
Klopman–Salem equation Koopmans' theorem Ligand Woodward–Hoffmann rules Griffith, J. S. and L. E. Orgel. "LigandFieldTheory". Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 1957, 11, 381–383...
corresponds to the mole fraction of ligands bound to a molecule, which is important for studying ligandfieldtheory. An early work of I. Ostromisslensky...
bonding in the vanadyl ion was central to the development of modern ligand-fieldtheory. Cavansite and pentagonite are vanadyl-containing minerals. VO2+...
than a transition metal Ligandfieldtheory a development of crystal fieldtheory taking covalency into account Crystal fieldtheory a model that describes...
separating these two sets is the basis of crystal fieldtheory and the more comprehensive ligandfieldtheory. The loss of degeneracy upon the formation of...
ligandfieldtheory, published several peer-reviewed journal articles, and wrote a textbook entitled Transition Metal Chemistry: LigandFieldTheory (1960)...
metal–ligand axis) into the empty π*-antibonding orbital of the ligand. Bridging carbonyl Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model 18-electron rule Ligandfieldtheory Pi-donor...
of molecular orbitals, with applications to the Hückel method, to ligandfieldtheory, and to the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. Many university level textbooks...
another is in an spx hybrid orbital). Crystal fieldtheory Isovalent hybridisation Ligandfieldtheory Linear combination of atomic orbitals MO diagrams...
with the crystal fieldtheory and ligandfieldtheory. Complexation reactions also include ligand exchange, in which one or more ligands are replaced by...
ammonia (NH3) ligand. "Ammine" is spelled this way for historical reasons[citation needed]; in contrast, alkyl or aryl bearing ligands are spelt with...
Hydration number Ligandfieldtheory Metal ammine complex Metal ions in aqueous solution Mark I. Ogden and Paul D. Beer "Water & O-Donor Ligands" in Encyclopedia...
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