For the 2019 film, see Kazakh Khanate – Golden Throne.
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Kazakh Khanate
Қазақ Хандығы Qazaq Handyğy
1465–1847
Territory of the Kazakh Khanate
Capital
Sozaq (c. 1465–1469)
Syghanaq (1469–1511)
Saraishyq (1511–1521)
Syghanaq (1521–1599)
Turkistan (1599–1781)
Tashkent (1729–1781)
Kara kengir (1826–1844)
Sary kengir (1844–1847)
Common languages
Kipchak languages (Kazakh)
Religion
Sunni Islam
Demonym(s)
Kazakh
Government
Semi-elective monarchy
Khan
• 1465–1480
Kerei Khan (first) Janibek Khan
• 1841–1847
Kenesary Khan (last)
History
• Kerei and Janibek founded the Kazakh Khanate
1465
• Kazakh-Dzungar Wars
1643–1755
• Battle of Orbulaq
1643
• The invasion of Galdan Boshogtu Khan to Kazakhs
1680–1684
• War against Cossacks
1709–1724
• The Barefooted Flight
1723–1727
• Battle of Añyraqai
1729/1730
• Abulkhair Khan of the Junior Zhuz took Russian citizenship
1731
• Kazakh-Qing Wars
1756–1757
• Abylai became the khan of all three zhuzes
1771–1781
• Dissolution of the Khan's rule in the Middle Zhuz and Junior Zhuz
1822–1824
• Russian conquest
1847
Area
• Total
2,500,000 km2 (970,000 sq mi)
Population
• 1900 [1]
5,000,000
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Uzbek Khanate
Moghulistan
Russian Empire
Stamp from Kazakhstan depicting Abul Khair Khan
The Kazakh Khanate (Kazakh: Қазақ Хандығы, Qazaq Handyğy), in eastern sources known as Ulus of the Kazakhs, Ulus of Jochi, Yurt of Urus,[2] was a Kazakh state in Central Asia, successor of the Golden Horde existing from the 15th to the 19th century, centered on the eastern parts of the Desht-i Qipchaq.
The khanate was established by Janibek Khan and Kerei Khan in 1465. Both khans came from the Turco-Mongol clan of Tore which traces its lineage to Genghis Khan through dynasty of Jochids. The Tore clan continued to rule the khanate until its fall to the Russian Empire.
From the 16th to the 17th centuries, the Kazakh Khanate ruled and expanded its territories to eastern Cumania (modern-day West Kazakhstan), most of Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan and the Syr Darya river with military confrontation as far as Astrakhan and Khorasan, which are now in Russia and Iran, respectively. The Khanate was later weakened by a series of Oirat and Dzungar invasions in the 17th and 18th centuries. These resulted in a decline and further disintegration into three jüz, which gradually lost their sovereignty and were incorporated to the expanding Russian Empire in the 19th century.
The establishment of the Kazakh Khanate marked the beginning of Kazakh statehood[3] whose 550th anniversary was celebrated in 2015.[4]
^Kendirbaeva, G. (1997). "Migrations in Kazakhstan: Past and present". Nationalities Papers. 25 (4): 741–751. doi:10.1080/00905999708408538. PMID 12294464. S2CID 23091443.
^Н. А. Атыгаев (2015). "КАЗАХСКОЕ ХАНСТВО: ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЯ ИСТОЧНИКОВ КАК ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ИСТОРИИ ГОСУДАРСТВА" (PDF). ПРАВО И ГОСУДАРСТВО. 67 (2). ISSN 2307-521X.
^"Kazakh Khanate – 550th anniversary". e-history.kz. Archived from the original on 2019-10-29. Retrieved 2015-08-17.
^"Kazakhstan to Celebrate 550th Kazakh Statehood Anniversary in 2015". Astana Times.
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