Medieval Turkic tribal confederacy of Central Asia
For other uses, see Karluk (disambiguation).
Karluks
Languages
Karluk languages
Religion
Tengrism, Islam
Related ethnic groups
Toquz Oghuz and Basmyl Modern: Uzbeks, Uyghurs, Hazaras, Ghilji
The Karluks (also Qarluqs, Qarluks, Karluqs, Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰺𐰞𐰸, Qarluq,[1] Para-Mongol: Harluut, simplified Chinese: 葛逻禄; traditional Chinese: 葛邏祿Géluólù ; customary phonetic: Gelu, Khololo, Khorlo, Persian: خَلُّخ, Khallokh, Arabic: قارلوقQarluq) were a prominent nomadic Turkic tribal confederacy residing in the regions of Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) and the Tarbagatai Mountains west of the Altay Mountains in Central Asia. Karluks gave their name to the distinct Karluk group of the Turkic languages, which also includes the Uzbek, Uyghur and Ili Turki languages.
Karluks were known as a coherent ethnic group with autonomous status within the Göktürk khaganate and the independent states of the Karluk yabghu, Karakhanids and Qarlughids before being absorbed in the Chagatai Khanate of the Mongol Empire.[citation needed]
They were also called Uch-Oghuz meaning "Three Oghuz".[2] Despite the similarity of names, Mahmud al-Kashgari's Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk wrote: "Karluks is a division of nomadic Turks. They are separate from Oghuz, but they are Turkmens like Oghuz."[3] Ilhanate's Rashid al-Din Hamadani in his Jami' al-Tawarikh mentions Karluks as one of the Oghuz (Turkmen) tribes.[4] Kafesoğlu (1958) proposes that Türkmen might be the Karluks' equivalent of the Göktürks' political term Kök Türk.[5]
^Ethno Cultureerral Dictionary, TÜRIK BITIG
^Gumilev L.N, 1967, Ancient Turks, p. 61-62.
^Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk, translation Besim Atalay, Turkish Language Association, ISBN 975-16-0405-2, book: 1, page: 473
^Hamadani, Rashid-al-Din (1952). "Джами ат-Таварих (Jami' al-Tawarikh)". USSR Academy of Sciences. Over time, these peoples were divided into numerous clans, [and indeed] in every era [new] subdivisions arose from each division, and each for a specific reason and occasion received its name and nickname, like the Oghuz, who are now generally called the Turkmens [Turkman], they are also divided into Kipchaks, Kalach, Kangly, Karluk and other tribes related to them...
^Kafesoğlu, İbrahim. (1958) “Türkmen Adı, Manası ve Mahiyeti,” in Jean Deny Armağanı in Eckmann et al. (eds.), pp. 121-133. cited in Golden, Peter B. (1992) An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples. p 347-348
al-Tawarikh mentions Karluks as one of the Oghuz (Turkmen) tribes. Kafesoğlu (1958) proposes that Türkmen might be the Karluks' equivalent of the Göktürks'...
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is the Karluk River. Karluk Lake is located near the O'Malley River. Karluk Lake has a maximum depth of 413 feet (126 m). To the west, Karluk Lake is...
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Village of Karluk is a federally recognized Alutiiq Alaska Native tribal entity. Native Village of Karluk is headquartered in the city of Karluk in the Kodiak...
The Karluk River is a stream, 24 miles (39 km) long, on Kodiak Island in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins at Karluk Lake in the Kodiak National Wildlife...
to exist as a people. Hostilities between the Uyghurs and Karluks then forced the Karluks to migrate west into Zhetysu and conflict with the Türgesh...
men. Another Karluk leader, Ozar of Almaliq, married a daughter of Jochi. He commanded an unknown number of soldiers. Because the Karluks submitted voluntarily...
territory and took the city of Suyab. In the 760s, the Karluks drove out the Turgesh. The Karluks migrated into the area of Tokharistan as early as the...
Fox McClintock HMS Pandora Young Fram Sverdrup Gjøa Amundsen Rasmussen Karluk Stefansson Bartlett St. Roch H. Larsen Cowper North East Passage Russian...
Early history Tele Rouran Khaganate Göktürks Kangar union Kimek Khanate Karluks Oghuz Yabgu State Xueyantuo Khaganate Uyghur Khaganate Kyrgyz Khaganate...
the Kara-Khanid Khanate from the 9th–12th centuries, a confederation of Karluks, Chigils, Yagma, and other tribes. Uzbek (along with Uyghur) can be considered...
these "Türkmens" might be Karluks instead of modern Türkmens' Oghuz-speaking ancestors; as Türkmen might be the Karluks' equivalent of the Göktürks'...
Karluk Airport (IATA: KYK, ICAO: PAKY, FAA LID: KYK) is a state owned, public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) east of the central business...
the Chinese by the Arabs with the help of the Karluks in the Battle of Talas, the conversion of the Karluks to Islam 762: Uyghur Khaganate aided Tang dynasty...
sent a princess as a bride to Karluks to sue for peace. This is partially supported by the fact that Gokturks and Karluks fought each other in a battle...
This is a timeline of the Karluks. The Kara-Khanid Khanate is also included; however, it is disputed whether the Karluks or Yagmas were the dominant group...
prior to 751. Firstly, the Karluks never in any sense remained opposed to the Chinese after the battle. In 753, the Karluk Yabghu submitted under the...
Karluks, who in battles were always "sent in front", because they were less valued and protected. In Dzungaria, the Basmyls lived next to the Karluks...
lands of the Seljuks, and also responding to an appeal to intervene by the Karluks who were involved in a conflict with the Karakhanids and Seljuks, also...
to a series of intertribal confrontations in the Eurasian steppes. The Karluks attacked the Oghuz Turks, forcing them to launch a westward migration towards...
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