Johor Sultanate information

Johor Sultanate
کسلطانن جوهر
*Kesultanan Johor*
Johor Sultanate کسلطانن جوهر; Kesultanan Johor
1528–1855; 1886–1942; 1942–1945 (Japanese occupation); 1945–1946; 1948–present
	; ; ; Flag; Top: (Civil Ensign, ~1855); Middle: (1855–1865); Bottom: (1865–1871)
	Map showing the partition of the Johor Empire before and after the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, with the post-partition Johor Sultanate shown in the brightest purple, at the tip of the Malay Peninsula
Status	Rump state of the Malaccan Sultanate
Capital	Pekan Tua (now Sungai Telur, Kota Tinggi); (c. 1528–1530s); Kota Kara, Bintan; (1530s–1536); Sayong Pinang; (1536–1540); Johor Lama; (1540–1564); (1571–1587); Bukit Seluyut; (1564–1570); Batu Sawar; (1587–1617); (1640–1675); Bintan; (1617–1618); Lingga; (1618–1625); (1812–1824); Tambelan Islands; (1623–1641); Kota Tinggi; (1641–1642); (1688–1699); Tanjung Pinang, Bintan, Riau; (1680–1688); (1708–1715); (1720–1788); Panchor; (1700–1708); (1715–1720); Kuala Pahang; (1720); Pekan; (1675–1680); (1788–1795); Daik, Lingga; (1795–1819); Singapore; (1819–1824);
Common languages	Malay
Religion	Sunni Islam
Government	Absolute Monarchy
Sultan
• 1528–1564	Alauddin Riayat Shah II (first)
• 1812–1830	Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah (last official sultan)
• 1819–1835	Hussein Shah (puppet monarch)
• 1835–1855	Ali Iskandar Shah (last sultan of Johor Sultanate)
Bendahara
• 1513–1520	Tun Khoja Ahmad (first)
• 1806–1857	Tun Ali (last)
Currency	Tin ingot, native gold and silver coins
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Malacca Sultanate
	Pahang Sultanate
Siak Sultanate
Selangor Sultanate
Pahang Kingdom
Negeri Sembilan (first confederation)
Riau-Lingga Sultanate
Straits Settlements
Modern Johor Sultanate
Today part of	Malaysia; Singapore; Indonesia

The Johor Sultanate (Malay: Kesultanan Johor or کسلطانن جوهر; also called the Sultanate of Johor, Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga, or the Johor Empire) was founded by Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's son, Alauddin Riayat Shah II in 1528.^{[citation needed]}

Prior to being a sultanate of its own right, Johor had been part of the Malaccan Sultanate before the Portuguese captured its capital in 1511. At its height, the sultanate controlled territory in what is now modern-day Johor, Pahang, Terengganu, territories stretching from the rivers of Klang to the Linggi and Tanjung Tuan, situated respectively in Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca (as an exclave), Singapore, Pulau Tinggi and other islands off the east coast of the Malay Peninsula, the Karimun Islands, the islands of Bintan, Bulang, Lingga and Bunguran, and Bengkalis, Kampar and Siak in Sumatra.^[2]

During the colonial era, the mainland part was administered by the British, and the insular part by the Dutch, thus breaking up the sultanate into Johor and Riau. In 1946, the British section became part of the Malayan Union. Two years later, it joined the Federation of Malaya and subsequently, the Federation of Malaysia in 1963. In 1949, the Dutch section became part of Indonesia.

^ Turner, Peter; Hugh Finlay (1996). Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. Lonely Planet. ISBN 978-0-86442-393-1.
^ Winstedt, R. O. (1992). A history of Johore, 1365–1895. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. p. 36. ISBN 983-99614-6-2.

[1] Turner, Peter; Hugh Finlay (1996). Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. Lonely Planet. ISBN 978-0-86442-393-1.

[2] Winstedt, R. O. (1992). A history of Johore, 1365–1895. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. p. 36. ISBN 983-99614-6-2.

Johor Sultanate information

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