The Jiroft culture,[1] also known as the Intercultural style or the Halilrud style,[2] is an early Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) archaeological culture, located in the territory of present-day Sistan and Baluchestan and Kermān Provinces of Iran.
The proposed type site is Konar Sandal, near Jiroft in the Halil River area. Other significant sites associated with the culture include Shahr-e Sukhteh (Burnt City), Tepe Bampur, Espiedej, Shahdad, Tal-i-Iblis and Tepe Yahya.
The grouping of these sites as an "independent Bronze Age civilization with its own architecture and language", intermediate between Elam to the west and the Indus Valley civilization to the east, was first proposed by Yusef Majidzadeh, head of the archaeological excavation team in Jiroft (south central Iran). The hypothesis is based on a collection of artifacts that have been formally excavated and recovered from looters by Iranian authorities; accepted by many to have derived from the Jiroft area (as reported by online Iranian news services, beginning in 2001).[1]
^ abOscar White Muscarella, Jiroft (2008), in: Encyclopedia Iranica. "For archeological accuracy the terms "Jiroft" or "Jiroft culture" employed to define a specific ancient Iranian culture and its artifacts should only be cited within quotation mark."
^Potts, D. T. (2016). The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-107-09469-7.
The Jiroftculture, also known as the Intercultural style or the Halilrud style, is an early Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) archaeological culture, located...
Jiroft (Persian: جیرفت, romanized: Jīroft; [dʒiːˈɾoft]) is a city in the Central District of Jiroft County, Kerman province, Iran, serving as capital...
system. Konar Sandal is associated with the hypothesized "Jiroftculture", a 3rd-millennium-BC culture postulated based on a collection of artefacts confiscated...
archaeological site, situated in the valley of the Halil River just south of Jiroft, Kermān Province, Iran. The site consists of two mounds a few kilometers...
location has not been identified, though some scholars link it with the Jiroftculture. Henri-Paul Francfort and Xavier Tremblay proposed identifying the kingdom...
referring to eastern Iran as well. Dr. Yousef Majidzadeh believes the Jiroftculture could be Aratta. By 1973, archaeologists were noting that there was...
in Persian culture and in most of the territories he incorporated, Persian was the primary language of administration and literary culture. Thus the language...
Khuzis and Khuzi itself is a Middle Persian name for Elamites. Jam Arjan Jiroftculture List of rulers of Elam "Elam (GN)". Oracc: The Open Richly Annotated...
Pahlavi rule was instrumental in Iran's nationalisation in line with Persian culture and language which, among other ways, was achieved through the official...
Iranian; Iron Age Temple of Anahita Yousef Majidzadeh (born 1938) Iranian; Jiroftculture (Iran) Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi (1940–2020) Iranian; ancient Persia...
ancient cultures and urban settlements in the fourth millennium BC, One of the earliest civilizations in Iranian plateau was the Jiroftculture in southeastern...
ISBN 978-0-585-10021-0. Timothy May Chormaqan, p.47 Thomas T. Allsen Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia, p.84 Finlay, George (1851). The history...
2015. Mansoori, Firooz (2008). "17". Studies in History, Language and Culture of Azerbaijan (in Persian). Tehran: Hazar-e Kerman. p. 245. ISBN 978-600-90271-1-8...
ancient cultures and urban settlements in the fourth millennium BC. One of the earliest civilizations on the Iranian plateau was the Jiroftculture in southeastern...
obscure. Any effort to identify distinctive elements of the Median material culture from the Iron Age III (c. 800-550 BCE) in the western region of Iran primarily...
Persianate society Turco-Persian Indo-Persian Iranic peoples languages Jiroftculture Aryans Azerbaijanis Peoples of the Caucasus Persians Monarchs of Persia...
a puppet of—a non-Muslim Western power (i.e., the United States) whose culture was affecting that of Iran. At the same time, support for the Shah may...
revival of the fine arts, which flourished under his patronage. Safavid culture is often admired for the large-scale city planning and architecture, achievements...
also used the titles khan, khagan and padishah. Keeping with a Persianate culture, the Qara Qoyunlu used the Persian language for diplomacy, poetry, and...
architecture, music, literature and philosophy on Islamic culture ensured the spread of Iranian culture, knowledge and ideas throughout the Muslim world. Officially...
Persian language in the form of court poetry and established Persianate culture. Under their rule, the eastern Islamic world witnessed the emergence of...
sites and cultures of the Iranian Plateau include: Mehrgarh, predecessor of Indus Valley civilization Central Iranian Plateau ("Jiroftculture") Shahr-i...
renewal, is the darkest and most sterile period in Persian literature and culture." Scholars of Persian literature have also made a similar conclusion. John...
of Turkmenistan. The Seleucid Empire was a major center of Hellenistic culture. Greek customs and language were privileged; the wide variety of local...
accepted by the rulers and through them became a defining element of Persian culture. The religion was not only accompanied by a formalization of the concepts...
The culture of Iran (Persian: فرهنگ ایران) or culture of Persia is among the most influential in the world. Iran (Persia) is widely considered to be one...
part of the Iranian Intermezzo, which saw the creation of a Persianate culture and identity that brought Iranian speech and traditions into the fold of...
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