Administrative region of Mongol Empire (1256–1259)
Independent khanate (1260–1335)
Capital
Maragheh (1256–1265)
Tabriz (1265–1306)
Soltaniyeh (1306–1335)
Common languages
Persian (lingua franca, official, administration, documents)[2]
Middle Mongol (ruling dynasty, documents)[3]
Arabic[4]
Turkic[5]
Religion
Shamanism, Nestorianism, and Buddhism (1256–1295)
Islam (1295–1335)
Government
Monarchy
Khan
• 1256–1265
Hulagu Khan
• 1316–1335
Abu Sa'id
Area
1310 est.[6][7]
3,750,000 km2 (1,450,000 sq mi)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Mongol Empire
Abbasid Caliphate
Nizari Ismaili state
Sultanate of Rum
Kingdom of Georgia
Qutlugh-Khanids
Ayyubid dynasty
Salghurids
Anatolian beyliks
Jalayirids
Chobanids
Muzaffarids
Kartids
Sarbadars
Injuids
Mihrabanids
Eretnids
Kingdom of Georgia
Anatolian beyliks
Mamluks
Sutayids
The Ilkhanate or Il-khanate, ruled by the Il-Khans or Ilkhanids (Persian: ایلخانان, romanized: Īlkhānān), and known to the Mongols as Hülegü Ulus (lit.'people or state of Hülegü'),[8] was a Mongol khanate established from the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. The Ilkhanid realm was officially known as the Land of Iran or simply Iran.[9][10] It was established after Hülegü, the son of Tolui and grandson of Genghis Khan, inherited the West Asian part of the Mongol Empire after his brother Möngke Khan died in 1259.
The Ilkhanate's core territory lies in what is now part of the countries of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Turkey. At its greatest extent, the Ilkhanate also included parts of modern Iraq, Syria, Armenia, Georgia, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, part of modern Dagestan, and part of modern Tajikistan. Later Ilkhanid rulers, beginning with Ghazan in 1295, converted to Islam. In the 1330s, the Ilkhanate was ravaged by the Black Death. The last ilkhan, Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, died in 1335, after which the Ilkhanate disintegrated.
The Ilkhanid rulers, although of non-Iranian origin, tried to advertise their authority by tying themselves to the Iranian past, and they recruited historians to present the Mongols as heirs to the Sasanian Empire (224–651).[11]
^Biran, Michal (2016). "Il-Khanate Empire". In Dalziel, N.; MacKenzie, J. M. (eds.). The Encyclopedia of Empire. p. 1. doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe362. ISBN 978-1-118-44064-3.
^Fragner 2006, pp. 78–79.
^Fragner 2006, pp. 78.
^Badiee 1984, p. 97.
^Vásáry 2016, p. 149.
^Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 223. ISSN 1076-156X. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
^Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 496. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
^Biran, Michael (2016). Dalziel, N.; MacKenzie, J. M. (eds.). "Il-Khanate Empire". The Encyclopedia of Empire: 1–6. doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe362. ISBN 9781118455074.
^Danilenko, Nadja (2020). "In Persian, Please! The Translations of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms". Picturing the Islamicate World: The Story of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms. Brill. p. 101. Connecting to īrān as illustrated in the Shāhnāma, 'land of Iran' rose to the official name for the Ilkhanid realm.
^Ashraf, Ahmad (2006). "Iranian Identity iii. Medieval Islamic Period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XIII/5: Iran X. Religions in Iran–Iraq V. Safavid period. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 507–522. ISBN 978-0-933273-93-1. ... the Mongol and Timurid phase, during which the name 'Iran' was used for the dynastic realm and a pre-modern ethno-national history of Iranian dynasties was arranged.
^Danilenko, Nadja (2020). "In Persian, Please! The Translations of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms". Picturing the Islamicate World: The Story of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms. Brill. pp. 94–95.
The Ilkhanate or Il-khanate, ruled by the Il-Khans or Ilkhanids (Persian: ایلخانان, romanized: Īlkhānān), and known to the Mongols as Hülegü Ulus (lit...
This is a timeline of the Ilkhanate. Timeline of the Yuan dynasty Timeline of the Chagatai Khanate Timeline of the Golden Horde Timeline of the Mongol...
sites like Bamiyan and Hadda it survived until the 8th or 9th century. Ilkhanate under Hulagu Khan embraced Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism while tolerant...
Horde khanate in the northwest, the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, the Ilkhanate in the southwest, and the Yuan dynasty in the east, based in modern-day...
Golden Horde in Eastern Europe, the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, the Ilkhanate in Southwest Asia, and the Yuan dynasty in East Asia based in modern-day...
practically autonomous but theoretically accepted the authorization of the Ilkhanate state. The second phase, corresponding to the rule of Shaykh Uways Jalayir...
and the Mongols of the Ilkhanate, who battled over claims on Georgia and Azerbaijan. Both the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate sought to strengthen their...
expanded the southwestern portion of the Mongol Empire, founding the Ilkhanate in Persia. Under Hulegu's leadership, the Mongols sacked and destroyed...
Khmer Latin Majapahit Mali Mongol Yuan Golden Horde Chagatai Khanate Ilkhanate Moroccan Idrisid Almoravid Almohad North Sea Oyo Hellenic Roman Byzantine...
Cilicia became tributary and vassal to the Mongol Empire and the successor Ilkhanate. Armenia and Cilicia remained under Mongol influence until around 1335...
neighbors, the Yuan dynasty of China and the Ilkhanate of Persia. The Chaghadaids feared a Yuan-Ilkhanate alliance against the state; this fear was caused...
the Yuan Empire, even though as Khagan he still had influence in the Ilkhanate and, to a significantly lesser degree, in the Golden Horde. In 1271, Kublai...
as Casanus by Westerners) was the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division in modern-day Iran from 1295 to 1304. He was the son of Arghun...
the Sack of Baghdad by Hulagu Khan, his cousin and head of the Mongol Ilkhanate based in Persia, he allied with the Egyptian Mamluks against Hulagu. Berke...
Caucasus Mountains and the territories of the Mongol dynasty known as the Ilkhanate. The khanate experienced violent internal political disorder known as...
territory east of Transoxania. Kaidu then coerced Baraq into invading the Ilkhanate. Baraq attacked first, defeating Prince Buchin, the governor of Khorasan...
Empire of Trebizond (1204–1461) Latin Empire (1204–1261) Karamanids (1250–1487) Ilkhanate (1256–1335) Kara Koyunlu (1375–1468) Ak Koyunlu (1378–1501)...
Mongolian: Байду) (died 1295) was the sixth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate division in Iran. He was the son of Taraqai, who was in turn the fifth...
other successor Mongol khanates: the Chagatai, the Golden Horde, and the Ilkhanate, before proclaiming as the Emperor of China in 1271. As such, the Yuan...
were several significant border raids between the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate, especially in 1288 and 1290. Notably, Talabuga Khan never personally...
Arminiya Sajids Bagratuni Armenia Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia Sallarids Ilkhanate Chobanids Aq Qoyunlu Kara Koyunlu Ottoman Armenia 1508–1828 Iranian Armenia...
of modern Tajikistan. Later Ilkhanate rulers, beginning with Ghazan in 1295, converted to Islam. In the 1330s, the Ilkhanate was ravaged by the Black Death...
Rashid-al-Din Hamadani's Jami al-Tawarikh, c. 1315, illustrating the story of Muhammad's role in re-setting the Black Stone in 605 (Ilkhanate period)...
the fracture of the Mongol Empire in 1256, Hulagu Khan established the Ilkhanate Empire in Iran. In 1357, the capital Tabriz was occupied by the Golden...
Khan (Persian: ﺳﻠﻴﻤاﻥ ﺧﺎﻥ) was a Chobanid puppet for the throne of the Ilkhanate during the breakdown of central authority in Persia. His birth name was...
invaded the Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm, then controlled by the Ilkhanate Mongols. He defeated a Ilkhanate army at the Battle of Elbistan and captured the city of...
Khmer Latin Majapahit Mali Mongol Yuan Golden Horde Chagatai Khanate Ilkhanate Moroccan Idrisid Almoravid Almohad North Sea Oyo Hellenic Roman Byzantine...
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