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Pahlavi Iran information


Imperial State of Irana
کشور شاهنشاهی ایران (Persian)
Kešvar Šâhanšâhiye Irân
1925–1979
Flag of Iran
Flag[1]
(1964–1979)
Coat of arms[2]
(1932–1979)
Motto: مرا داد فرمود و خود داور است
Marā dād farmud o Khod dāvar ast
"Justice He bids me do, as He will judge me"[3]
Anthem: (1925–1933)
سلامتی دولت علیهٔ ایران
Salamati-ye Dowlat-e 'Aliyye-ye Iran
"Salute of the Sublime State of Iran"

(1933–1979)
سرود شاهنشاهی ایران
Sorude Šâhanšâhiye Irân[4]
"Imperial Anthem of Iran"
Capital
and largest city
Tehran
Official languagesPersian
Religion
Shia Islam (official)[a]
Secular state (de facto)[b]
Demonym(s)Persian (until 21 March 1935)
Iranian (after 22 March 1935)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy (de jure)[c]
Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy (de facto)[d]
  • Under a military dictatorship (1925–1941; 1953–1955; 1978–1979)
  • Under a dominant-party system (1964–1975)
  • Under an authoritarian one-party system (1975–1978)
Shah 
• 1925–1941
Reza Shah Pahlavi
• 1941–1979
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Prime Minister 
• 1925–1926 (first)
Mohammad Ali Foroughi
• 1979 (last)
Shapour Bakhtiar
LegislatureNational Consultative Assembly (as a unicameral legislature; 1925–1949)
Parliament (as a bicameral legislature; 1949–1979)
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
National Consultative Assembly
Historical eraInterwar period • Second World War • Cold War
• Constituent Assembly votes in Pahlavi dynasty
15 December 1925
• Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
25 August – 17 September 1941
• Admitted to the United Nations
24 October 1945
• Coup d'etat
19 August 1953
• Joined CENTO
3 November 1955
• White Revolution
26 January 1963
• Islamic Revolution
1979
Area
• Total
1,648,000 km2 (636,000 sq mi) (17)
GDP (PPP)1972 estimate
• Per capita
US$571 ($4,123.38 as of 2023)[A][4]
HDI (1975)0.561
medium
CurrencyRial (ریال) (IRR)[4]
ISO 3166 codeIR
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Pahlavi Iran Sublime State of Persia
Interim Government of Iran Pahlavi Iran
  1. ^ From 1935. From 1925 to 1935, it was known officially as the Imperial State of Persia in the Western world.

Pahlavi Iran, officially the Imperial State of Persia until 1935 and the Imperial State of Iran from 1935 to 1979,[4] was the Iranian state under the rule of the Pahlavi dynasty. The Pahlavi dynasty was created in 1925 and lasted until 1979, when it was ousted as part of the Islamic Revolution, which ended Iran's continuous monarchy and established the current Islamic Republic of Iran.

The Pahlavis came to power in 1925 by Reza Shah, a former brigadier-general of the Persian Cossack Brigade, after Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last Iranian ruler under the Qajar dynasty, who proved unable to stop encroachments on Iranian sovereignty by the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, the Allies of World War II, had his position extremely weakened by a military coup, and was formally removed from power in 1941 by parliament while he was in France following the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran. Iran's Majlis, convening as a constituent assembly on 12 December 1925, deposed the young Ahmad Shah Qajar and declared Reza Shah as the new shah of the Imperial State of Persia. In 1935, Reza Shah asked foreign delegates to use the endonym Iran instead of the exonym Persia when addressing the country in formal correspondence.

After Reza Shah was deposed, he was succeeded by his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who became the last Shah of Iran. By 1953, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's rule became more autocratic and firmly aligned with the Western Bloc during the Cold War in the aftermath of the 1953 Iranian coup d'état, which was engineered by the United Kingdom and the United States. In correspondence with this reorientation of Iran's foreign policy, the country became an ally of the United States in order to act as a bulwark against Soviet ideological expansionism, and this gave the Shah the political capital to enact a hitherto unprecedented socio-economic program that would transform all aspects of Iranian life through the White Revolution. Consequently, Iran experienced prodigious success in all indicators, including literacy, health, and standard of living. However, by 1978, the Shah faced growing public discontent that culminated into a full-fledged popular revolutionary movement led by religious cleric Ruhollah Khomeini. Mohammed Reza Pahlavi went into exile with his family in January 1979, sparking a series of events that quickly led to the end of monarchy, and the establishment of the Islamic Republic on 31 March 1979. Following Mohammed Reza Pahlavi's death in 1980, his son, Reza Pahlavi, now leads the exiled family throne.[6]

  1. ^ "Flags of the World: Iranian Empire (Pahlavi Dynasty, 1964–)". Retrieved 10 November 2010.
  2. ^ Whitney Smith (1980), Flags and Arms across the World, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-059094-6
  3. ^ "The Imperial Standards of Iran".
  4. ^ a b c d "IRAN: Keshvaré Shahanshahiyé Irân", The Statesman's Year-Book 1978–79, Springer, 2016, pp. 674–682, ISBN 9780230271074
  5. ^ "Iran between Islamic Nationalism and Secularism".
  6. ^ Parker Richards (29 January 2016). "Pahlavi, Elie Wiesel, Rev. King to Be Honored for Promoting Peace". Observer. Retrieved 1 June 2017.


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