Islamophobia information

Islamophobia is the irrational fear of, hatred of, or prejudice against the religion of Islam or Muslims in general,^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] especially when perceived by outsiders as a geopolitical force or a source of terrorism.^[6]^[7]^[8]

The causes of increase in Islamophobia across the world since the end of the Cold War are many. These include the quasi-racialist stereotypes against Muslims that proliferated through the Western media since the 1990s,^[9] the "war on terror" campaign launched by the United States after the September 11 attacks,^[10]^[11]^[12] the rise of the Islamic State in the aftermath of the Iraq War,^[13] terrorist attacks carried out by Islamist militants in the US and Europe, anti-Muslim rhetoric disseminated by white nationalist organizations through the internet,^[14] and the rise of far-right groups which oppose the presence of Muslims in the United States and the European Union.^[15]^[16]

A study conducted in 2013 revealed that Muslim women, especially those wearing headscarves or face veils, are more vulnerable to suffer from Islamophobic attacks than Muslim men.^[17] On 15 March 2022, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution by consensus which was introduced by Pakistan on behalf of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation that proclaimed March 15 as 'International Day to Combat Islamophobia'.^[18]

^ "The Devastating Mental Health Effects of Islamophobia". TIME. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
^ Segal, Jody. "LibGuides: Islam and Muslim Americans: Islamophobia". libguides.greenriver.edu. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
^ "Islamophobia". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
^ "islamophobia". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
^ "Islamophobia". Collins Dictionary. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
^ Miles & Brown 2003, p. 166.
^ Cite error: The named reference egorova was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Wike, Richard; Stokes, Bruce; Simmons, Katie (July 2016). Europeans Fear Wave of Refugees Will Mean More Terrorism, Fewer Jobs (PDF) (Report). Pew Research Center. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
^ Miles & Brown 2003, p. 164-168.
^ Beydoun, Khaled A. (April 2020). "Exporting Islamophobia in the Global "War On Terror"" (PDF). New York University Law Review. 95: 81–100 – via www.nyulawreview.org.
^ Hilal, Maha (2021). Innocent Until Proven Muslim: Islamophobia, the War on Terror, and the Muslim Experience Since 9/11. Minneapolis, USA: Broadleaf Books. ISBN 978-1-5064-7046-7.
^ Kiara Alfonseca (11 September 2021). "20 years after 9/11, Islamophobia continues to haunt Muslims". ABC News.
^ Abbas, Tahir (2021). "Reflection: the "war on terror", Islamophobia and radicalisation twenty years on". Critical Studies on Terrorism. 14 (4). Routledge: 402–404. doi:10.1080/17539153.2021.1980182. hdl:1887/3618299 – via tandfonline.
^ Duncan Spence (2 November 2014). "Why online Islamophobia is difficult to stop". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
^ Idil Oztig, Lacin (2022). "Islamophobic Discourse of European Right-Wing Parties". Social Currents. 10 (3). Sage Publishing: 1–14. doi:10.1177/23294965221139852 – via Sage Journals.
^ Benkler, Faris, Roberts, Yochai, Robert, Hal (2018). "4: Immigration and Islamophobia: Breitbart and the Trump Party". Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, Ny 10016, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 105–144. ISBN 9780190923624. LCCN 2018020121.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Siddique, Haroon (20 November 2013). "Muslim Women more likely to suffer Islamophobic attacks than men - study" – via www.theguardian.com.
^ "'Landmark resolution': UNGA declares March 15 as International Day to Combat Islamophobia". Dawn. 15 March 2022.

[1] "The Devastating Mental Health Effects of Islamophobia". TIME. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2024.

[2] Segal, Jody. "LibGuides: Islam and Muslim Americans: Islamophobia". libguides.greenriver.edu. Retrieved 15 March 2024.

[3] "Islamophobia". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.

[4] "islamophobia". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 10 November 2016.

[5] "Islamophobia". Collins Dictionary. Retrieved 10 November 2016.

[FOOTNOTEMilesBrown2003166-6] Miles & Brown 2003, p. 166.

[egorova-7] Cite error: The named reference egorova was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Pew3-8] Wike, Richard; Stokes, Bruce; Simmons, Katie (July 2016). Europeans Fear Wave of Refugees Will Mean More Terrorism, Fewer Jobs (PDF) (Report). Pew Research Center. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

[FOOTNOTEMilesBrown2003164-168-9] Miles & Brown 2003, p. 164-168.

[10] Beydoun, Khaled A. (April 2020). "Exporting Islamophobia in the Global "War On Terror"" (PDF). New York University Law Review. 95: 81–100 – via www.nyulawreview.org.

[11] Hilal, Maha (2021). Innocent Until Proven Muslim: Islamophobia, the War on Terror, and the Muslim Experience Since 9/11. Minneapolis, USA: Broadleaf Books. ISBN 978-1-5064-7046-7.

[12] Kiara Alfonseca (11 September 2021). "20 years after 9/11, Islamophobia continues to haunt Muslims". ABC News.

[13] Abbas, Tahir (2021). "Reflection: the "war on terror", Islamophobia and radicalisation twenty years on". Critical Studies on Terrorism. 14 (4). Routledge: 402–404. doi:10.1080/17539153.2021.1980182. hdl:1887/3618299 – via tandfonline.

[14] Duncan Spence (2 November 2014). "Why online Islamophobia is difficult to stop". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

[15] Idil Oztig, Lacin (2022). "Islamophobic Discourse of European Right-Wing Parties". Social Currents. 10 (3). Sage Publishing: 1–14. doi:10.1177/23294965221139852 – via Sage Journals.

[16] Benkler, Faris, Roberts, Yochai, Robert, Hal (2018). "4: Immigration and Islamophobia: Breitbart and the Trump Party". Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, Ny 10016, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 105–144. ISBN 9780190923624. LCCN 2018020121.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[17] Siddique, Haroon (20 November 2013). "Muslim Women more likely to suffer Islamophobic attacks than men - study" – via www.theguardian.com.

[18] "'Landmark resolution': UNGA declares March 15 as International Day to Combat Islamophobia". Dawn. 15 March 2022.

Islamophobia information

and 28 Related for: Islamophobia information

Islamophobia

International Day To Combat Islamophobia

Islamophobia in Poland

Islamophobia in the United States

Islamophobia in France

Islamophobia in Canada

List of Islamophobic incidents

Islamophobia in Australia

Islamophobia in the media

Amira Elghawaby

Islamophobia in China

Islamophobia in Italy

Islamic Human Rights Commission

Islamophobia in Sweden

Islam in Europe

Islamophobia in the United Kingdom

Bosnian genocide

Islamophobia in Norway

Islam in Israel

Islamophobia in the British Conservative Party

United States

Islamophobia in Germany

Cultural racism

Farid Hafez

Islam in Spain

Scimitar

Islam

Islam in London

Islamophobia
Part of a series on

Issues Airport profiling United States Conspiracy theories Counter-jihad Eurabia Great Replacement Halal-related Love jihad Hijabophobia Netherlands France Karnataka, India Media Muslim immigration bans Orientalism Persecution Quran desecration
Status by country Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia–Herzegovina Canada China France Germany Iceland India Indonesia Israel Italy Myanmar Netherlands Norway Poland Russia^[ru] Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom Conservative Party United States Stereotypes
Examples Attacks on mosques: Al-Hidaya Al-Nurayn Bærum Babri Masjid Banya Bashi Bayonne Beit Lahia Bloomington Christchurch Corsica Escondido Gondar Hyderabad Ibrahim Kattankudy Kosovo Manili Malegaon Malmö 2009–10 Palimbang Quebec City Sweden (2014) Zürich Planned attacks California (2001) Singapore Genocide: Bosnian Ethnic cleansing Srebrenica Chechen and Ingush / Crimean Tatars Circassian Pacification of Algeria / Libya Palestinian genocide allegation Rohingya Massacres, torture, expulsion: Abu Ghraib (2000s) Albanians (1912–13) Assam (2014) Ayyadieh (1191) Baghdad (1258) Big Excursion (1989) Bossemptélé (2014) Bukovica (1943) Beirut (1975) Boyo (2021) Cave of the Patriarchs (1994) Granada (1482–92) Gujarat (2002) Guangzhou (878–79) Harmanli (1878) İşkodra and Niş (1877–78) Japan (1937–45) Jerusalem (1099) Karantina (1976) Kulen Vakuf (1941) Kafr Qasim (1956) Lasithi (1897) Mecca (600s) Moriscos (1609) Myanmar (2015) Nellie (1983) Northern Sri Lanka (1990) Norway (2011) Paris (1961) Sri Lanka (2018) Sabra and Shatila (1982) Šahovići (1924) Sétif and Guelma (1945) Shadian (1975) Sohmor (1984) Spain (1500–26) Walisongo (2000) Other incidents: Almondbury bullying incident Bendigo mosque protests Bulli Bai case / Sulli Deals CAA, 2019 Erklärung 2018 Flying imams incident Jerry Klein Haridwar hate speeches Hindutva pop Holy Terror Innocence of Muslims Jyllands-Posten cartoons Kathua rape case Muslim Massacre (video game) Quran desecrations 2005 2010 2011 2019–23 Serbia Strong Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps Swiss minaret ban Trojan Horse affair
Media Document.no FrontPage Magazine Jihad Watch OpIndia Politically Incorrect Rebel News Stormfront WikiIslam
Opposition Amnesty International CAIR Forum Against Islamophobia and Racism Human Rights Watch Islamophobia Watch Muslim American Society Muslims Condemn Southern Poverty Law Center Tell MAMA
v t e

Discrimination
Part of a series on

Forms Institutional Structural Statistical Taste-based
Attributes Age Caste Class Dialect Disability Genetic Hair texture Height Language Looks Mental disorder Race / Ethnicity Skin color Scientific racism Rank Sex Sexual orientation Species Size Viewpoint
Social Arophobia Acephobia Adultism Anti-albinism Anti-autism Anti-homelessness Anti-drug addicts Anti-intellectualism Anti-intersex Anti-left handedness Anti-Masonry Antisemitism Aporophobia Audism Biphobia Clannism Cronyism Elitism Ephebiphobia Social determinants of health Social determinants of health in poverty Social determinants of mental health Fatphobia Gayphobia Gerontophobia Heterosexism HIV/AIDS stigma Homophobia Leprosy stigma Lesbophobia Discrimination against men Misandry Misogyny Nepotism Pedophobia Perpetual foreigner Pregnancy Reverse Sectarianism Supremacism Black White Transphobia Non-binary Transmisogyny Vegaphobia Xenophobia
Religious Ahmadiyya Atheism Baháʼí Faith Buddhism Catholicism Christianity post–Cold War era Falun Gong Hinduism Persecution Untouchability Islam Persecution Jehovah's Witnesses Judaism Persecution LDS or Mormon Neopaganism Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Protestantism Rastafari Shi'ism Sufism Zoroastrianism
Ethnic/national Afghan African Albanian Arab Armenian Asian France South Africa United States Assyrian Azerbaijani Black people African Americans China South Africa Bengali Catalan Chechen Chinese Croat Filipino Finnish French Georgian German Greek Haitian Hazara Hispanic Hungarian Igbo Indian Indigenous people Australia Canada United States Iranian Irish Israeli Italian Japanese Jewish Korean Kurdish Lithuanian Malay Mexican Middle Eastern Mongolian Pakistani Palestinians Pashtun Polish Quebec Romani Romanian Russian Serb Slavic Somali Tatar Thai Turkish Ukrainian Uyghur Venezuelan Vietnamese
Manifestations Anti-LGBT rhetoric Blood libel Bullying Cancel culture Capital punishment for homosexuality Compulsory sterilization Corrective rape Counter-jihad Cultural genocide Defamation Democide Disability hate crime Dog whistle Economic Education Employment Eliminationism Enemy of the people Ethnic cleansing Ethnic conflict Ethnic hatred Ethnic joke Ethnocide Forced conversion Freak show Gay bashing Gendercide Genital modification and mutilation Genocide examples Glass ceiling Hate crime LGBT Hate group Hate speech Homeless dumping Housing Indian rolling Intersectionality Lavender scare LGBT grooming conspiracy theory List of people killed for being transgender Lynching Mortgage Murder music Native American mascots Braves Blackhawks Chiefs Occupational segregation Persecution Pogrom Political repression Purge Racialization Religious persecution Religious terrorism Religious violence Religious war Scapegoating Segregation academy Sexual harassment Sex-selective abortion Slut-shaming Trans bashing Victimisation Violence against women White flight White genocide conspiracy theory Wife selling Witch-hunt
Policies Age of candidacy Blood purity Blood quantum Crime of apartheid Disabilities Catholic Jewish Gender pay gap Gender roles Gerontocracy Gerrymandering Ghetto benches Internment Jewish quota Law for Protection of the Nation MSM blood donation restrictions Nonpersons Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota) One-drop rule Racial quota Racial segregation Jim Crow laws Nuremberg Laws Racial steering Redlining Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) Segregation age racial religious sexual Social exclusion Sodomy law State atheism State religion Ugly law Voter suppression
Countermeasures Affirmative action Anti-discrimination law Cultural assimilation Cultural pluralism Diversity training Empowerment Fat acceptance movement Feminism Fighting Discrimination Hate speech laws by country Human rights Intersex human rights LGBT rights Masculism Multiculturalism Nonviolence Racial integration Reappropriation Self-determination Social integration Toleration
Related topics Allophilia Amatonormativity Bias Christian privilege Cisnormativity Civil liberties Dehumanization Diversity Ethnic penalty Eugenics Figleaf Heteronormativity Internalized oppression Intersectionality Male privilege Masculism Medical model of disability autism Multiculturalism Net bias Neurodiversity Oikophobia Oppression Police brutality Political correctness Polyculturalism Power distance Prejudice Prisoner abuse Racial bias in criminal news in the United States Racism by country Religious intolerance Second-generation gender bias Snobbery Social exclusion Social identity threat Social model of disability Social stigma Speciesism Stereotype threat The talk White privilege
v t e