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An isentropic process is an idealized thermodynamic process that is both adiabatic and reversible.[1][2][3][4][5][6][excessive citations] The work transfers of the system are frictionless, and there is no net transfer of heat or matter. Such an idealized process is useful in engineering as a model of and basis of comparison for real processes.[7] This process is idealized because reversible processes do not occur in reality; thinking of a process as both adiabatic and reversible would show that the initial and final entropies are the same, thus, the reason it is called isentropic (entropy does not change). Thermodynamic processes are named based on the effect they would have on the system (ex. isovolumetric: constant volume, isenthalpic: constant enthalpy). Even though in reality it is not necessarily possible to carry out an isentropic process, some may be approximated as such.
The word "isentropic" derives from the process being one in which the entropy of the system remains unchanged. In addition to a process which is both adiabatic and reversible, this can also occur in a system where the work done on the system includes friction internal to the system, and heat is withdrawn from the system sufficient to compensate for it so as to leave the entropy unchanged.[8] However, in relation to the Universe, its entropy would increase as a result, in agreement with the Second Law of Thermodynamics.[citation needed]
^Partington, J. R. (1949), An Advanced Treatise on Physical Chemistry., vol. 1, Fundamental Principles. The Properties of Gases, London: Longmans, Green and Co., p. 122.
^Kestin, J. (1966). A Course in Thermodynamics, Blaisdell Publishing Company, Waltham MA, p. 196.
^Münster, A. (1970). Classical Thermodynamics, translated by E. S. Halberstadt, Wiley–Interscience, London, ISBN 0-471-62430-6, p. 13.
^Haase, R. (1971). Survey of Fundamental Laws, chapter 1 of Thermodynamics, pages 1–97 of volume 1, ed. W. Jost, of Physical Chemistry. An Advanced Treatise, ed. H. Eyring, D. Henderson, W. Jost, Academic Press, New York, lcn 73–117081, p. 71.
^Borgnakke, C., Sonntag., R.E. (2009). Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, seventh edition, Wiley, ISBN 978-0-470-04192-5, p. 310.
^Massey, B. S. (1970), Mechanics of Fluids, Section 12.2 (2nd edition) Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, London. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 67-25005, p. 19.
^Çengel, Y. A., Boles, M. A. (2015). Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 8th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, ISBN 978-0-07-339817-4, p. 340.
^Çengel, Y. A., Boles, M. A. (2015). Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 8th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, ISBN 978-0-07-339817-4, pp. 340–341.
and 26 Related for: Isentropic process information
An isentropicprocess is an idealized thermodynamic process that is both adiabatic and reversible.[excessive citations] The work transfers of the system...
= 1 {\displaystyle n=1} for an isothermal process, n = γ {\displaystyle n=\gamma } for an isentropicprocess. Where γ {\displaystyle \gamma } is the ratio...
quasi-parallel and isentropicprocesses (frictionless, adiabatic reversible). Left and right sides of the loop: a pair of parallel isochoric processes (constant...
flow process can be calculated. dH = VdP +TdS Isentropic dS is zero. dH = VdP Non flow isentropicprocesses like some positive displacement compressors...
energy from the system. An isentropicprocess is customarily defined as an idealized quasi-static reversible adiabatic process, of transfer of energy as...
Isentropic nozzle flow describes the movement of a gas or fluid through a narrowing opening without an increase or decrease in entropy. Whenever a gas...
the rotor i.e. R = Isentropic enthalpy change in rotor Isentropic enthalpy change in stage {\displaystyle R={\frac {\text{Isentropic enthalpy change in...
by isentropic compression and expansion, and isobaric heat addition and rejection, though practical engines have adiabatic rather than isentropic steps...
( V V 0 ) = ln ( P V γ P 0 V 0 γ ) ⟹ P V γ = c o n s t . for isentropicprocess {\displaystyle {\frac {\Delta S}{Nk{\hat {c}}_{V}}}=\ln \left({\frac...
high-pressure gas, the expansion is approximated by an isentropicprocess (i.e., a constant-entropy process), and the low-pressure exhaust gas from the turbine...
the properties at state 1 using the equations listed. ^ a. In an isentropicprocess, system entropy (S) is constant. Under these conditions, p1V1γ = p2V2γ...
{\displaystyle dh=0=nc_{p}\,dT} . Adiabatic process Joule–Thomson effect Ideal gas laws Isentropicprocess G. J. Van Wylen and R. E. Sonntag (1985), Fundamentals...
system (the gas) and its surroundings, so an isentropicprocess, meaning no entropy change in the process). Isothermal compression. Heat transferred reversibly...
sometimes also known as the isentropic expansion factor and is denoted by γ (gamma) for an ideal gas or κ (kappa), the isentropic exponent for a real gas...
are: Adiabatic process: occurs without loss or gain of energy by heat Isenthalpic process: occurs at a constant enthalpy Isentropicprocess: a reversible...
parcel; atmospheric compression and expansion are measured as an isentropicprocess ( d S = 0 {\displaystyle dS=0} ) wherein there occurs no change in...
distinctions are especially relevant for gases. For an ideal gas, an isentropicprocess has: P V γ = constant ⇒ P ∝ ( 1 V ) γ ∝ ρ γ , {\displaystyle PV^{\gamma...
-1}{2}}M^{2}\right)^{\frac {\gamma }{\gamma -1}}\,} or, assuming an isentropicprocess, the stagnation pressure can be calculated from the ratio of stagnation...
turbine. An ideal steam turbine is considered to be an isentropicprocess, or constant entropy process, in which the entropy of the steam entering the turbine...
system during adiabatic process) isentropic (reversible adiabatic process, no heat is added or removed during isentropicprocess) Energy portal Carnot heat...
Outside Air Temperature Mach number Speed of sound Adiabatic processIsentropicprocess Specific enthalpy In-Flight Temperature Measurements Measurement...
two adiabatic processes involved to show an isentropicprocess property for the ratio of the changing volumes of two isothermal processes are equal. Most...
Suppose that the temperature of a substance can be reduced in an isentropicprocess by changing the parameter X from X2 to X1. One can think of a multistage...
between the Rayleigh and Fanno models at these points. Fanno flow Isentropicprocess Isothermal flow Gas dynamics Compressible flow Choked flow Enthalpy...
heat-rejection processes is the Stirling cycle, which is an altered version of the Carnot cycle in which the two isentropicprocesses featured in the...
An adiabatic process (Greek: adiábatos, "impassable") is a type of thermodynamic process that occurs without transferring heat or mass between the thermodynamic...