Global InformationInterpenetrating polymer network information
An Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) is a polymer comprising two or more networks which are at least partially interlaced on a polymer scale but not covalently bonded to each other. The network cannot be separated unless chemical bonds are broken.[1] The two or more networks can be envisioned to be entangled in such a way that they are concatenated and cannot be pulled apart, but not bonded to each other by any chemical bond.
Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN): A polymer comprising two
or more networks which are at least partially interlaced on a molecular scale
but not covalently bonded to each other and cannot be separated unless chemical
bonds are broken.Note: A mixture of two or more pre-formed polymer networks is not an IPN.[2]
Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN): A polymer comprising one or
more networks and one or more linear or branched polymer(s) characterized by the
penetration on a molecular scale of at least one of the networks by at least some
of the linear or branched macromolecules.Note: Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks are distinguished from
interpenetrating polymer networks because the constituent linear or branched
polymers can, in principle, be separated from the constituent polymer network(s)
without breaking chemical bonds; they are polymer blends.[3]Sequential interpenetrating polymer network: Interpenetrating polymer network
prepared by a process in which the second component network is formed
following the formation of the first component network.[4]Sequential semi-interpenetrating polymer network: Semi-interpenetrating
polymer network prepared by a process in which the linear or branched
components are formed following the completion of the reactions that lead to
the formation of the network(s) or vice versa.[5]
Simply mixing two or more polymers does not create an interpenetrating polymer network (polymer blend), nor does creating a polymer network out of more than one kind of monomers which are bonded to each other to form one network (heteropolymer or copolymer).
There are semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPN)[6] and pseudo-interpenetrating polymer networks.[7]
To prepare IPNs and SIPNs, the different components are formed simultaneously[8][9] or sequentially.[10][11]
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.I03117
- ^ Jenkins, A. D.; Kratochvíl, P.; Stepto, R. F. T.; Suter, U. W. (1996). "Glossary of basic terms in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 68 (12): 2287–2311. doi:10.1351/pac199668122287. S2CID 98774337. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
- ^ Jenkins, A. D.; Kratochvíl, P.; Stepto, R. F. T.; Suter, U. W. (1996). "Glossary of basic terms in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 68 (12): 2287–2311. doi:10.1351/pac199668122287. S2CID 98774337. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
- ^ Alemán, J. V.; Chadwick, A. V.; He, J.; Hess, M.; Horie, K.; Jones, R. G.; Kratochvíl, P.; Meisel, I.; Mita, I.; Moad, G.; Penczek, S.; Stepto, R. F. T. (2007). "Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic–organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 79 (10): 1801–1829. doi:10.1351/pac200779101801. S2CID 97620232. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-11. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
- ^ Alemán, J. V.; Chadwick, A. V.; He, J.; Hess, M.; Horie, K.; Jones, R. G.; Kratochvíl, P.; Meisel, I.; Mita, I.; Moad, G.; Penczek, S.; Stepto, R. F. T. (2007). "Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic–organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 79 (10): 1801–1829. doi:10.1351/pac200779101801. S2CID 97620232. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-11. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "semi-interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.S05598
- ^ Sperling, L.H., J. Polymer Sci.: Macromolecular Reviews, Vol. 12, 141-180 (1977)
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "simultaneous interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.ST07567
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "simultaneous semi-interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.ST07575
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "sequential interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.ST07566
- ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "sequential semi-interpenetrating polymer network". doi:10.1351/goldbook.ST07574