Importin is a type of karyopherin[1] that transports protein molecules from the cell's cytoplasm to the nucleus. It does so by binding to specific recognition sequences, called nuclear localization sequences (NLS).
Importin has two subunits, importin α and importin β. Members of the importin-β family can bind and transport cargo by themselves, or can form heterodimers with importin-α. As part of a heterodimer, importin-β mediates interactions with the pore complex, while importin-α acts as an adaptor protein to bind the nuclear localization signal (NLS) on the cargo. The NLS-Importin α-Importin β trimer dissociates after binding to Ran GTP inside the nucleus,[2] with the two importin proteins being recycled to the cytoplasm for further use.
^Görlich D, Prehn S, Laskey RA, Hartmann E (December 1994). "Isolation of a protein that is essential for the first step of nuclear protein import". Cell. 79 (5): 767–78. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90067-1. PMID 8001116. S2CID 7539929.
^Mattaj IW, Englmeier L (1998). "Nucleocytoplasmic transport: the soluble phase". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 67: 265–306. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.265. PMID 9759490.
nuclear localization sequences (NLS). Importin has two subunits, importin α and importin β. Members of the importin-β family can bind and transport cargo...
signals are recognized by importin α. Importin α contains a bipartite NLS itself, which is specifically recognized by importin β. The latter can be considered...
complexes. Importin beta is a variety of karyopherin that facilitates the transport of cargo proteins into the nucleus. First, it is binding importin alpha...
Transportin-1 (or Importin-β 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNPO1 gene. This protein is a karyopherin which interacts with nuclear localization...
up by importins to the nucleus. Importation begins with Importin-α binding to the NLS sequence of cargo proteins, forming a complex. Importin-β then...
surface of the chromosomes: it releases envelope components sequestered by importin β during early mitosis. Ran-GTP localizes near chromosomes throughout mitosis...
RanGTPase would bind to the beta importin which removes it from the complex, followed by the removal of the alpa importin which is also bound to the RanGTPase...
Importin subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KPNB1 gene. Nucleocytoplasmic transport, a signal- and energy-dependent process,...
on the VirE2 and VirD2, are recognised by the importin alpha protein, which then associates with importin beta and the nuclear pore complex to transfer...
is via the nuclear pore and transport is controlled by a wide range of importin and exportin proteins. Expression of a gene coding for a protein is only...
Those karyopherins that mediate movement into the nucleus are also called importins, whereas those that mediate movement out of the nucleus are called exportins...
of the cell. The importin structure is composed of many alpha helices that integrate the protein into membranes. The role of importin is to move proteins...
proteins that contain armadillo repeats include β-catenin, Sarm1 (SARM1), α-importin, plakoglobin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and many others. The term...
factors (SAFs) from inhibitory interactions via the transport proteins importin β/α. The unbound SAFs then promote microtubule nucleation and stabilization...
Importin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IPO7 gene. The importin-alpha/beta complex and the GTPase Ran mediate nuclear import of proteins...
Importin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IPO11 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000086200 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release...
eIF4E through interfering with its interaction with its nuclear importer, Importin 8, thereby impairing its nuclear activities. Clinical relapse in AML patients...
phosphorylated dimer is then actively transported to the nucleus via an importin α/β ternary complex. Originally, STAT proteins were described as latent...
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