Human genetic resistance to malaria refers to inherited changes in the DNA of humans which increase resistance to malaria and result in increased survival of individuals with those genetic changes. The existence of these genotypes is likely due to evolutionary pressure exerted by parasites of the genus Plasmodium which cause malaria. Since malaria infects red blood cells, these genetic changes are most common alterations to molecules essential for red blood cell function (and therefore parasite survival), such as hemoglobin or other cellular proteins or enzymes of red blood cells. These alterations generally protect red blood cells from invasion by Plasmodium parasites or replication of parasites within the red blood cell.
These inherited changes to hemoglobin or other characteristic proteins, which are critical and rather invariant features of mammalian biochemistry, usually cause some kind of inherited disease. Therefore, they are commonly referred to by the names of the blood disorders associated with them, including sickle-cell disease, thalassemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and others. These blood disorders cause increased morbidity and mortality in areas of the world where malaria is less prevalent.
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Humangeneticresistancetomalaria refers to inherited changes in the DNA of humans which increase resistancetomalaria and result in increased survival...
symptoms. This partial resistance disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure tomalaria. Humanmalaria is caused by single-celled...
Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, it ranges widely from the number of species to differences...
in the model genetic organism Drosophila melanogaster revealed that high level DDT resistance is polygenic, involving multiple resistance mechanisms. In...
PMC 2358959. PMID 17015291. Allison AC (October 2009). "Genetic control of resistancetohumanmalaria". Current Opinion in Immunology. 21 (5): 499–505. doi:10...
Recent human evolution refers to evolutionary adaptation, sexual and natural selection, and genetic drift within Homo sapiens populations, since their...
selective advantage against malaria infection (balancing selection). The three major types of inherited geneticresistance (sickle-cell disease, thalassaemias...
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Malaria vaccines are vaccines that prevent malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease which annually affects an estimated 247 million people worldwide...
(2005). "Molecular Genetics of Mosquito ResistancetoMalaria Parasites". In Sullivan, D; Krishna, S. (eds.). Malaria: Drugs, Disease, and Post-genomic Biology...
human health, scientists are looking at ways to control mosquitoes through genetic engineering. Malaria-resistant mosquitoes have been developed in the...
deadliest of the five humanmalaria parasites, P. vivax malaria infections can lead to severe disease and death, often due to splenomegaly (a pathologically...
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medication primarily used to prevent and treat malaria in areas where malaria remains sensitive to its effects. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains,...
increasing resistanceto disease, etc. The vast majority of genetically modified animals are at the research stage while the number close to entering the...
in bacteria can arise naturally by genetic mutation, or by one species acquiring resistance from another. Resistance can appear spontaneously because of...
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sickle cell anaemia—in areas where malaria is a major health concern, because the condition grants some resistanceto this infectious disease. Just as with...
Plasmodium malariae is a parasitic protozoan that causes malaria in humans. It is one of several species of Plasmodium parasites that infect other organisms...
for in the Malaria endemic zone. A number of genetic conditions prevalent in malaria-endemic areas may provide geneticresistancetomalaria, including...
who dates to 1400 BP, may have also carried the Duffy negative variant for resistance against malaria. The genomes of Africans commonly found to undergo...
regional genetic histories of North Africa, West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, and Southern Africa, as well as the recent origin of modern humans in...
resistant tomalaria, since the infestation of the malaria Plasmodium is halted by the sickling of the cells that it infests. Antibiotic resistance: Practically...
Malaria antigen detection tests are a group of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests of the rapid antigen test type that allow quick diagnosis...
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