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Hokaglish
Philippine Hybrid Hokkien
salamtsam-oe or "EngChiLog"
Native to
Philippines
Region
Manila (concentrated in Binondo), or elsewhere in the Philippines
Ethnicity
Chinese Filipinos
Native speakers
(More than 100,000[citation needed] cited 1945 – present)
Language family
Hokkien mixed language
Hokaglish
Writing system
Not applicable, oral contact language
Official status
Official language in
Not official, Minority language of the Philippines in Binondo, Metro Manila and abroad
Recognised minority language in
Not yet recognized, Metro Cebu, Metro Bacolod, Iloilo
Language codes
ISO 639-3
None (mis)
Area where Hokaglish is spoken
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Hokaglish (or Philippine Hybrid Hokkien, /ˈhɒkəɡlɪʃ/), also known by locals as Sa-lam-tsam oe (mixed language, Tai-lo: sann-lām-tsham-uē, [sãlamt͡sʰamue]), is an oral contact language primarily resulting among three languages: (1) Philippine Hokkien Chinese, (2) Tagalog/Filipino and (3) Philippine English.[1] (Other languages that have relative influence include Philippine Spanish, Cantonese, and other local peripheral languages.)[2]
^Wong Gonzales, Wilkinson Daniel (May 2016). "Exploring trilingual code-switching: The case of 'Hokaglish' (PDF Download Available)". Retrieved 2016-10-24 – via ResearchGate.
^Wong Gonzales, Wilkinson Daniel (16 November 2016). The language ecology of post-colonial Manila and Hokaglish – via ResearchGate.
Hokaglish (or Philippine Hybrid Hokkien, /ˈhɒkəɡlɪʃ/), also known by locals as Sa-lam-tsam oe (mixed language, Tai-lo: sann-lām-tsham-uē, [sãlamt͡sʰamue])...
Visayan and Tagalog Bislish, code-switching between Visayan and English Hokaglish, a mixed language of Philippine Hokkien, Tagalog and English Lambert,...
(e.g. Iban), etc. Hokkien Kelantan in northern Malaya of Malaysia and Hokaglish spoken sporadically across the Philippines, especially Metro Manila are...
Building (next to El Hogar Building) Davao Chinatown Philippine Hokkien Hokaglish List of ethnic enclaves in Philippine cities "Highlights of the National...
infused with Tagalog. Bisakol, a hybrid language of Bikol and Bisaya. Hokaglish, a mixed language of Philippine Hokkien, Tagalog, and Philippine English...
amongst family or acts a heritage language among descendants of such. Hokaglish is the code-switching equivalent of the above languages. As with Spanish...
based on English Taglish, Tagalog-English codeswitching based on Tagalog Hokaglish, Hokkien-Tagalog-English contact language in the Philippines In some words...
code-switch any and all of these languages, such as Taglish, Bislish, Hokaglish, etc. Cantonese (Philippine Hokkien simplified Chinese: 广东人 / 乡亲; traditional...
Philippine languages), and Hokkien, as a form of pidgin language, just like Hokaglish or Singlish.[failed verification] There are about 150 or so Chinese schools...
towards and the usage of code switching differ entirely. Bisakol Bislish Hokaglish Taglish Sundita, Christopher. "Salita Blog: The Filipino vs. Tagalog Debate"...
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