The HL-60 cell line is a human leukemia cell line that has been used for laboratory research on blood cell formation and physiology. HL-60 proliferates continuously in suspension culture in nutrient and antibiotic chemicals. The doubling time is about 36–48 hours. The cell line was derived from a 36-year-old woman who was originally reported to have acute promyelocytic leukemia at the MD Anderson Cancer Center.[1] HL-60 cells predominantly show neutrophilic promyelocytic morphology.[1] Subsequent evaluation, including the karyotype that showed absence of the defining t(15;17) translocation, concluded that HL-60 cells are from a case of AML FAB-M2 (now referred to as AML with maturation (WHO)).[2]
Proliferation of HL-60 cells occurs through the transferrin and insulin receptors, which are expressed on cell surface. The requirement for insulin and transferrin is absolute, as HL-60 proliferation immediately ceases if either of these compounds is removed from the serum-free culture media.[3] With this line, differentiation to mature granulocytes can be induced by compounds such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or retinoic acid. Other compounds like 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and GM-CSF can induce HL-60 to differentiate to monocytic, macrophage-like and eosinophil phenotypes, respectively.
The HL-60 cultured cell line provides a continuous source of human cells for studying the molecular events of myeloid differentiation and the effects of physiologic, pharmacologic, and virologic elements on this process. HL-60 cell model was used to study the effect of DNA topoisomerase (topo) IIα and IIβ on differentiation and apoptosis of cells[4] and is especially useful in dielectrophoresis studies,[5] which require an aqueous environment with suspended and round cells. Furthermore, these cells have been used in order to investigate whether intracellular calcium plays a role in caspase activation induced by reactive oxygen species.[6]
Chromatin and gene expression profiling in HL-60 cells and differentiated cells derived from these has been performed recently.[7]
^ abGallagher R, Collins S, Trujillo J, et al. (1979). "Characterization of the continuous, differentiating myeloid cell line (HL-60) from a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia". Blood. 54 (3): 713–733. doi:10.1182/blood.V54.3.713.713. PMID 288488.[permanent dead link]
^Dalton WT, Jr; Ahearn, MJ; McCredie, KB; Freireich, EJ; Stass, SA; Trujillo, JM (January 1988). "HL-60 cell line was derived from a patient with FAB-M2 and not FAB-M3". Blood. 71 (1): 242–7. doi:10.1182/blood.V71.1.242.242. PMID 3422031.
^Breitman, T, S. Collins, B. Keene (1980). "Replacement of serum by insulin and transferrin supports growth and differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60". Exp. Cell Res. 126 (2): 494–498. doi:10.1016/0014-4827(80)90296-7. PMID 6988226.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Sugimoto, K, K. Yamada, M. Egashira, Y. yazaki, H. Hirai, A. Kikuchi and K. Oshimi (1998). "Temporal and Spatial Distribution of DNA Topoisomerase II Alters During Proliferation, Differentiation, and Apoptosis in HL-60 Cells". Blood. 91 (4): 1407–1417. doi:10.1182/blood.V91.4.1407. PMID 9454772.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Ratanachoo, K., Gascoyne, P.R.C. and Ruchirawat, M. (2002). "Detection of cellular responses to toxicants by dielectrophoresis". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1564 (2): 449–458. doi:10.1016/S0005-2736(02)00494-7. PMC 2726261. PMID 12175928.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^González D., Bejarano I., Barriga C., Rodríguez A.B., Pariente J.A. (2010). "Oxidative Stress-Induced Caspases are Regulated in Human Myeloid HL-60 Cells by Calcium Signal". Current Signal Transduction Therapy. 5 (2): 181–186. doi:10.2174/157436210791112172.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Teif V.B., Mallm J.P., Sharma T., Mark Welch D.B., Rippe K., Eils R., Langowski J., Olins A.L., Olins D.E. (2017). "Nucleosome repositioning during differentiation of a human myeloid leukemia cell line". Nucleus. 8 (2): 188–204. doi:10.1080/19491034.2017.1295201. PMC 5403151. PMID 28406749.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
PMID 28406749.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Cellosaurus entry for HL60 Wikimedia Commons has media related to HL-60 cells....
Protein kinase C (PKC), signal transduction and biochemical cascades; tests on HL60 did not work; another compound was suberic bishydroxamic acid (SBHA). Narrated...
MAO-B as well. Isolated harmine was found to exhibit a cytotoxic effect on HL60 and K562 leukemic cell lines. This action might explain the previously observed...
Induces Apoptosis And Inhibits Cell Proliferation In Leukemic Cell Lines, HL60 And KG1". Blood and Lymphatic Cancer: Targets and Therapy. 9: 53–61. doi:10...
an anticancer setting. Nitroxoline has been shown to be more cytotoxic to HL60, DHL-4, PANC-1, and A2780 [zh] cells lines than clioquinol and other 8-hydroxyquinoline...
M. (2002). "Hypoxia and etanidazole alter radiation-induced apoptosis in HL60 cells but not in MOLT-4 cells". International Journal of Radiation Biology...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Human HL60 cells containing Anaplasma phagocytophilum (indicated by arrows) which are basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions...
target is mitochondria in alpha-mangostin-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL60 cells". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 12 (22): 5799–806. doi:10.1016/j...
and peritoneal adherent cells. This was also demonstrated in vitro using HL60 leukemia cells. Tuftsin acts at the level of antigen processing. Antigen...
FL104 14 March 2010 list (425963) 2011 HL22 14 March 2010 list (425973) 2011 HL60 19 April 2010 list (425978) 2011 HL72 3 May 2010 list (426002) 2011 JE13...
transcriptase. Clausamine E is cytotoxic to the human leukemia cell line HL60. In 2016, a study by Williams, Soelberg and Jäger showed than ethanolic extracts...
10% of newly generated ceramide may double the levels of Sph. Treatment of HL60 cells (a type of leukemia cell line) by a plant-derived organic compound...
(ionotropic P2X1-7 and metabotropic P2Y1-11) during myeloid differentiation of HL60 cells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression...
the Ras gene family. It is mapped on chromosome 1, and it is activated in HL60, a promyelocytic leukemia line. The order of nearby genes is as follows:...
uridine nucleotides. This gene is moderately expressed in undifferentiated HL60 cells, and is located on both chromosomes X and Y. Recurrent mutations in...
pores in cell membranes of 1.6–1.8 nm and results in swelling and lysis in HL60 cells. Treatment of these cells with beta toxin induces an efflux of K+ and...
proliferating HeLa S3 cells and is down-regulated during terminal differentiation in HL60 cells". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (31): 15860–3. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37527-6...
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