Science of measuring the shape, orientation, and gravity of the Earth and other astronomical bodies
"Geodetic" redirects here. For the geometric notion, also used in General relativity, see Geodesic.
It has been suggested that Physical geodesy be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since March 2024.
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A modern instrument for geodetic measurements using satellites
Geodesy
Fundamentals
Geodesy
Geodynamics
Geomatics
History
Concepts
Geographical distance
Geoid
Figure of the Earth (radius and circumference)
Geodetic coordinates
Geodetic datum
Geodesic
Horizontal position representation
Latitude / Longitude
Map projection
Reference ellipsoid
Satellite geodesy
Spatial reference system
Spatial relations
Vertical positions
Technologies
Global Nav. Sat. Systems (GNSSs)
Global Pos. System (GPS)
GLONASS (Russia)
BeiDou (BDS) (China)
Galileo (Europe)
NAVIC (India)
Quasi-Zenith Sat. Sys. (QZSS) (Japan)
Discrete Global Grid and Geocoding
Standards (history)
NGVD 29
Sea Level Datum 1929
OSGB36
Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936
SK-42
Systema Koordinat 1942 goda
ED50
European Datum 1950
SAD69
South American Datum 1969
GRS 80
Geodetic Reference System 1980
ISO 6709
Geographic point coord. 1983
NAD 83
North American Datum 1983
WGS 84
World Geodetic System 1984
NAVD 88
N. American Vertical Datum 1988
ETRS89
European Terrestrial Ref. Sys. 1989
GCJ-02
Chinese obfuscated datum 2002
Geo URI
Internet link to a point 2010
International Terrestrial Reference System
Spatial Reference System Identifier (SRID)
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
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Geodesy is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D. It is called planetary geodesy when studying other astronomical bodies, such as planets or circumplanetary systems.[1]
Geodynamical phenomena, including crustal motion, tides, and polar motion, can be studied by designing global and national control networks, applying space geodesy and terrestrial geodetic techniques, and relying on datums and coordinate systems. The job titles are geodesist and geodetic surveyor.[2]
^Vaníček, P.; Krakiwsky, E.J. (1986). Geodesy: the Concepts. New York, US: Elsevier. p. 45. ISBN 0444-87775-4. Until a decade or two ago, geodesy was thought to occupy the space delimited by the following definition (Helmert, 1880, p.3): "Geodesy is the science of measuring and portraying the earth's surface." Then people involved with geodesy began to realize that this definition no longer fully reflected the role contemporary geodesy played and started searching for a new framework. This search probably culminated in the new definition of geodesy, accepted by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), that we quote here (Associate Committee on Geodesy and Geophysics, 1973): Geodesy is the discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the earth, including its gravity field, in a three-dimensional time varying space. At the 1975 Grenoble meeting of the Commission on Education of the International Association of Geodesy (see §4.2), a virtually identical definition (Rinner, 1979) was adopted, except for the inclusion of other celestial bodies and their respective gravity fields.
^"Geodetic Surveyors". Occupational Information Network. 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2022-01-28.
Geodesy is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D. It is called...
Satellite geodesy is geodesy by means of artificial satellites—the measurement of the form and dimensions of Earth, the location of objects on its surface...
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The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG; French: Union géodésique et géophysique internationale, UGGI) is an international non-governmental...
geodynamics, mathematical geophysics, and geophysical surveying. Planetary geodesy (also known as planetary geodetics) deals with the measurement and representation...
crucial to any technology or technique based on spatial location, including geodesy, navigation, surveying, geographic information systems, remote sensing...
geodesists History of geodesy Physical geodesy International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics International Association of Geodesy Unit of measurement System...
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of the shape of the Earth, and her work on the development of satellite geodesy models, that were later incorporated into the Global Positioning System...
departments. As of 2022, it is structured into the Department of Aerospace & Geodesy, the Department of Architecture, the Department of Civil & Environmental...
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contributions to geodesy, whether or not geodesy was their primary field. These include historical figures who laid the foundations for the field of geodesy. A B...
approximating the Earth's form, used as a reference frame for computations in geodesy, astronomy, and the geosciences. Various different ellipsoids have been...
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The International Association of Geodesy (IAG) is a constituent association of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. The precursors to the...
Survey markers, also called survey marks, survey monuments, or geodetic marks, are objects placed to mark key survey points on the Earth's surface. They...
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