Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections.[4] This may include bone infections, endocarditis, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis among others.[4] It is not effective for gonorrhea or chlamydia infections.[4] It can be given intravenously, by intramuscular injection, or topically.[4] Topical formulations may be used in burns or for infections of the outside of the eye.[5] It is often only used for two days until bacterial cultures determine what specific antibiotics the infection is sensitive to.[6] The dose required should be monitored by blood testing.[4]
Gentamicin can cause inner ear problems and kidney problems.[4] The inner ear problems can include problems with balance and hearing loss.[4] These problems may be permanent.[4] If used during pregnancy, it can cause harm to the developing fetus.[4] However, it appears to be safe for use during breastfeeding.[7] Gentamicin is a type of aminoglycoside [4] and works by disrupting the ability of the bacteria to make proteins, which typically kills the bacteria.[4]
Gentamicin is naturally produced by the bacterium Micromonospora purpurea,[8][4] was patented in 1962, approved for medical use in 1964.[9] The antibiotic is collected from the culture of the Micromonospora by perforating the cell wall of the bacterium. Current research is underway to understand the biosynthesis of this antibiotic in an attempt to increase expression and force secretion of gentamicin for higher titer. Gentamicin is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] The World Health Organization classifies gentamicin as critically important for human medicine.[11] It is available as a generic medication.[12]
^ ab"Gentamicin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 28 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
^"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
^"Active substance: gentamicin (systemic use)" (PDF). List of nationally authorised medicinal products. European Medicines Agency. 26 November 2020.
^ abcdefghijkl"Gentamicin sulfate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
^Bartlett J (2013). Clinical Ocular Pharmacology (s ed.). Elsevier. p. 214. ISBN 9781483193915. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015.
^Moulds R, Jeyasingham M (October 2010). "Gentamicin: a great way to start". Australian Prescriber. 33 (5): 134–135. doi:10.18773/austprescr.2010.062.
^"Gentamicin use while breastfeeding". Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
^Weinstein MJ, Luedemann GM, Oden EM, Wagman GH, Rosselet JP, Marquez JA, et al. (July 1963). "Gentamicin, a new antibiotic complex from Micromonospora". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 6 (4): 463–464. doi:10.1021/jm00340a034. PMID 14184912.
^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 507. ISBN 9783527607495.
^World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^World Health Organization (2019). Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine (6th revision ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/312266. ISBN 9789241515528. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^Burchum J (2014). Lehne's pharmacology for nursing care. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1051. ISBN 9780323340267. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016.
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections. This may include bone infections, endocarditis, pelvic...
The gentamicin protection assay or survival assay or invasion assay is a method used in microbiology. It is used to quantify the ability of pathogenic...
include the deoxystreptamine-containing agents kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, and neomycin (see below). Aminoglycosides that are derived from bacteria...
combined with gentamicin molecules. The second image shows experimental results comparing both plasma and tissue levels of gentamicin after an intratracheal...
designation Timentin), amikacin sulfate, penicillin, and gentamicin are commonly used. The latter - gentamicin - has been noted to reduce sperm motility in the...
Several antibiotics are effective for treatment, including streptomycin, gentamicin, and doxycycline. Without treatment, plague results in the death of 30%...
results that identify the infecting bacteria, but a mix of ampicillin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime is used for early-onset meningitis before their identification...
vancomycin, depending on local resistance patterns. Combination therapy with gentamicin may be used to treat serious infections, such as endocarditis, but its...
furoate and azelastine as Nasaflex mometasone furoate and clotrimazole and gentamicin for veterinary use as Mometamax and Mometavet mometasone furoate and clotrimazole...
is a newer broad-spectrum aminoglycoside most structurally related to gentamicin. Sisomicin is the most predictably active aminoglycoside against Gram-positive...
causing disease rather than simply colonising. Treatment using cefepime and gentamicin has been reported. A 2012 study in which Enterobacter cloacae was transplanted...
includes prolonged administration of antibiotics, primarily ampicillin and gentamicin, to which the organism is usually susceptible. The disease primarily affects...
2022 as cited in Tavares-Carreon et al., 2023), aminoglycoside amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin (Bertrand & Dowzicky, 2012; Sader et al., 2014 as cited...
include a combination of ampicillin and gentamicin following vaginal delivery or clindamycin and gentamicin in those who have had a C-section. In those...
as tetracyclines, rifampicin, and the aminoglycosides streptomycin and gentamicin are effective against Brucella bacteria. However, the use of more than...
dead animals. Treatment is typically with the antibiotic streptomycin. Gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin may also be used. Between the 1970s and...
antibiotics is used, such as penicillin G, clindamycin, IV vancomycin, and gentamicin. Delays in surgery are associated with a much higher risk of death. Despite...
models of infection, and the cytolysin in combination with high-level gentamicin resistance is associated with a five-fold increase in risk of death in...
PMID 28248415. Smithivas, T.; Hyams, P. J.; Rahal, J. J. (1971-12-01). "Gentamicin and ampicillin in human bile". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 124...
Heijman T, Wind CM, Boyd A, et al. (May 2022). "Efficacy of ertapenem, gentamicin, fosfomycin, and ceftriaxone for the treatment of anogenital gonorrhoea...
although rare and sepsis. The antibiotics linezolid, daptomycin and gentamicin, levofloxacin, and penicillin G are effective against the bacteria, depending...
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