Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others,[1] is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancers.[2] It is used to treat testicular cancer,[3] breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder cancer.[2][4] It is administered by intravenous infusion.[2] It acts against neoplastic growth, and it inhibits the replication of Orthohepevirus A, the causative agent of Hepatitis E, through upregulation of interferon signaling.[5]
Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, liver and kidney problems, nausea, fever, rash, shortness of breath, mouth sores, diarrhea, neuropathy, and hair loss.[2] Use during pregnancy will likely result in fetal harm.[2] Gemcitabine is in the nucleoside analog family of medication.[2] It works by blocking the creation of new DNA, which results in cell death.[2]
Gemcitabine was patented in 1983 and was approved for medical use in 1995.[6] Generic versions were introduced in Europe in 2009 and in the US in 2010.[7][8] It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines.[9]
^ abCite error: The named reference brands was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcdefg"Gemcitabine Hydrochloride". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^"Drug Formulary/Drugs/ gemcitabine - Provider Monograph". Cancer Care Ontario. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
^"FDA Approval for Gemcitabine Hydrochloride". National Cancer Institute. 2006-10-05. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
^Li Y, Li P, Li Y, Zhang R, Yu P, Ma Z, et al. (December 2020). "Drug screening identified gemcitabine inhibiting hepatitis E virus by inducing interferon-like response via activation of STAT1 phosphorylation". Antiviral Research. 184: 104967. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104967. PMID 33137361.
^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 511. ISBN 9783527607495.
^Myers C (13 March 2009). "Gemcitabine from Actavis launched on patent expiry in EU markets". FierceBiotech. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017.
^"Press release: Hospira launches two-gram vial of gemcitabine hydrochloride for injection". Hospira via News-Medical.Net. 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2015.
^World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancers. It is used to treat testicular cancer...
carcinoma when used with cisplatin and gemcitabine. Toripalimab is indicated in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine for the first-line treatment of adults...
when used in combination with gemcitabine showed no evidence of improved survival rates over treatments using gemcitabine alone for advanced pancreatic...
approximately four months longer than patients receiving the standard gemcitabine treatment (11.1 months compared with 6.8 months). However, FOLFIRINOX...
September 2006). "Randomized Phase III Study of Exatecan and Gemcitabine Compared with Gemcitabine Alone in Untreated Advanced Pancreatic Cancer". Journal...
FDA in 2013 for use with gemcitabine in pancreas cancer. By the end of 2013, both FOLFIRINOX and nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine were regarded as good choices...
2024, the FDA approved nivolumab, in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, as a first-line treatment for adults with unresectable or metastatic...
in Combination With Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Compared With Placebo Plus Nab-Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine in Subjects With Hyaluronan-High Stage IV...
cholangiocarcinoma include 5-fluorouracil with leucovorin, gemcitabine as a single agent, or gemcitabine plus cisplatin, irinotecan, or capecitabine. A small...
), and ovarian cancer, in combination with another anti-cancer drug, gemcitabine, as a phase 2 trial. "NCI Drug Dictionary". National Cancer Institute...
alongside chemotherapy. A clinical trial of vandetanib plus gemcitabine versus placebo plus gemcitabine in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma...
adults with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. In combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin for adults with locally advanced or metastatic biliary...
both cytotoxins combined with other molecules, including for example gemcitabine (GEM), vinorelbine (VIN), docetaxel (DOC), and paclitaxel (PAC). Energy:...
effects. Newer cases are also starting to be treated by taxotere and gemcitabine. Taxotere is similar to Oncovin used in CHOP; it irreversibly binds beta...
doxorubicin, with cisplatin (MVAC) or gemcitabine with cisplatin (GC). Alternative regimens include paclitaxel with gemcitabine and cisplatin (PCG, triple therapy)...
purpose. Irinotecan, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, etoposide, and gemcitabine are also sometimes used, and are similarly efficacious. Prophylactic...
regimens include: doxorubicin/ifosfamide and doxorubicin combination/gemcitabine and docetaxel/trabectedin; pazopanib is the targeted therapy used in...
produce the active drug. The deoxynucleoside analogues include cytarabine, gemcitabine, decitabine, azacitidine, fludarabine, nelarabine, cladribine, clofarabine...
chemotherapy. The chemotherapy used was cisplatin or carboplatin, combined with gemcitabine for patient with squamous cell NSCLC, or pemetrexed for patients with...
combination with gemcitabine in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. The study TH-CR-404 compares gemcitabine with gemcitabine plus evofosfamide...
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