Global InformationGang war in Haiti information
| Gang war in Haiti | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of crime in Haiti and the Haitian crisis (2018–present) | |||||||||
 Clashes between 2023–2024 Areas of gang activity | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 G9 |
G-Pèp alliance 400 Mawozo gang[1][2] |
Protesters, self-defense groups, and other armed factions
|
| ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Jimmy Chérizier Ti Greg † |
Gabriel Jean-Pierre Vitel'Homme Innocent | Guy Philippe[8] |
 Ariel Henry Michel Patrick Boisvert | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
|
3,700+ deaths[a] 362,000 internally displaced[12] | |||||||||
Since 2020, Haiti's capital, Port-au-Prince, has been the site of an ongoing gang war[13][3][2] between two major criminal groups and their allies: the Revolutionary Forces of the G9 Family and Allies (FRG9 or G9) and the G-Pep.[13] The Government of Haiti and Haitian security forces have struggled to maintain their control of Port-au-Prince amid this conflict,[3] with gangs reportedly controlling up to 90% of the city by 2023.[14] In response to the escalating gang fighting, an armed vigilante movement, known as bwa kale, also emerged, with the purpose of fighting the gangs.[3][15] On 2 October 2023, United Nations Security Council Resolution 2699 was approved, authorizing a Kenya-led "multinational security support mission" to Haiti.[16]
In March 2024, gang violence spread throughout Port-au-Prince with the goal of the resignation of prime minister and acting president Ariel Henry, leading to the storming of two prisons and the release of thousands of prisoners. These attacks and subsequent attacks on various government institutions led the Haitian government to declare a state of emergency and impose a curfew.[17] On 11 March Henry agreed to resign once a transitional government is formed.[18]
- ^ Walker 2022, pp. 4, 17–18.
- ^ a b Da Rin, Diego (27 July 2022). "New Gang Battle Lines Scar Haiti as Political Deadlock Persists". Crisis Group. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
- ^ a b c d Dyer, Evan (8 May 2023). "In Haiti, a grassroots vigilante movement is fighting back against gang warfare". cbc. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
- ^ RNDDH 2020, p. 8.
- ^ https://apnews.com/article/haiti-ariel-lhenry-resigns-violence-gangs-government-22868c51b5f4c9ca5a8d69fcb5df376b
- ^ https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/25/americas/haiti-ariel-henry-resignation-intl/index.html
- ^ https://www.wsj.com/world/americas/haitian-prime-minister-ariel-henry-resigns-59226b69
- ^ "Guy Philippe, former rebel calls for 'revolution' to oust Haiti's Henry - The Washington Post". The Washington Post. 11 February 2024.
- ^ "UCDP – Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
- ^ Charles, Jacqueline (13 July 2022). "Gang continues deadly attack on Haiti slum, sparking violent protests over fuel shortages". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ "United Nations statistics underscore 'extreme brutality' of Haiti's gangs". al-Jazeera. 19 August 2023. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
- ^ "Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell on the situation in Haiti". UNICEF. 6 March 2024. Archived from the original on 7 March 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
- ^ a b Rivers, Matt (31 July 2023). "Rare glimpse inside neighborhood at the center of Haiti's gang war". ABC. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
- ^ "Chaos In Haiti Escalates as Gang Violence, Fuel Shortages Threaten Access to Health Care". Partners in Health. 24 March 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
- ^ Chéry, Ons (18 November 2022). "Bwa kale: Protests still draw people fed up in Haiti, despite risks". The Haitian Times. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Robles, Frances; Fassihi, Farnaz (2 October 2023). "U.N. Approves Kenya-Led Security Mission to Help Haiti Stamp Out Gangs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
- ^ "It's not just gang violence surging in Haiti. It's a rebellion: ANALYSIS". ABC News. Archived from the original on 8 March 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
- ^ Coto, Dánica; Sanon, Evens (12 March 2024). "Ariel Henry: Haiti's PM says he will resign". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 12 March 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
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