Core and peripheral Fula-speaking regions. Note that most of these areas, with the exceptions of Senegal and Guinea, are not primarily Fula-speaking, as this map only shows the absolute numbers of speakers.
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Fula (/ˈfuːlə/FOO-lə),[2] also known as Fulani (/fʊˈlɑːniː/fuul-AH-nee)[2] or Fulah[3][4] (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Adlam: 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Ajami: ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ, ݒُلَارْ, بُۛلَر), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 36.8 million people as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 18 countries in West and Central Africa. Along with other related languages such as Serer and Wolof, it belongs to the Atlantic geographic group within Niger–Congo, and more specifically to the Senegambian branch. Unlike most Niger-Congo languages, Fula does not have tones.
It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people ("Fulani", Fula: Fulɓe) from the Senegambia region and Guinea to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Sudan and by related groups such as the Toucouleur people in the Senegal River Valley. It is also spoken as a second language by various peoples in the region, such as the Kirdi of northern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria.
^ abFulani at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Pulaar (Senegambia, Mauritania) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Pular (Guinea, Sierra Leone) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Maasina Fulfulde (Mali, Ghana) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Borgu Fulfulde (Benin, Togo) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Western Niger Fulfulde (Burkina, Niger) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Central–Eastern Niger Fulfulde (Niger) at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) (Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box)
^ abLaurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
^"Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: ful". ISO 639-2 Registration Authority - Library of Congress. Retrieved 2017-07-04. Name: Fulah
^"Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: ful". ISO 639-3 Registration Authority - SIL International. Retrieved 2017-07-04. Name: Fulah
Unlike most Niger-Congo languages, Fula does not have tones. It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people ("Fulani", Fula: Fulɓe) from the Senegambia...
up Fula in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Fula may refer to: Fula people (or Fulani, Fulɓe) Fulalanguage (or Pulaar, Fulfulde, Fulani) The Fula variety...
an ethnic group, they are bound together by the Fulalanguage, their history and their culture. The Fula are almost completely Muslims. Many West African...
question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Adlam letters. The Fulalanguage (Fula: Fulfulde, Pulaar, or Pular) is written primarily in the Latin script...
transhumant Fula, however, have spread with their languages from Senegal across the western and central Sahel. The most populous unitary language is Wolof...
Fula, Hassaniya, Kassonke, Maninke, Minyanka, Senufo, Songhay languages, Soninke and Tamasheq are official languages. French is the working language....
neighbouring languages Serer and Fula, it belongs to the Senegambian branch of the Niger–Congo language family. Unlike most other languages of its family...
The Fula (or Fulani) jihads (Arabic: جهاد الفولا) sometimes called the Fulani revolution were a series of jihads that occurred across West Africa during...
mark that indicates a question or interrogative clause or phrase in many languages. In the fifth century, Syriac Bible manuscripts used question markers...
added onto "Burkina" to form the demonym "Burkinabè" comes from the Fulalanguage and means "women or men". The CIA summarizes the etymology as "land...
cultural ceremonies. The Wodaabe speak the Fulalanguage and don't use a written language. In the Fulalanguage, woɗa means "taboo", and Woɗaaɓe means "people...
Zenaga language. Other major groups of people include the: Toubou, Nubians, Zaghawa, Kanuri, Hausa, Songhai, Beja, and Fula/Fulani (French: Peul; Fula: Fulɓe)...
Dogon, Fula, Hassaniya Arabic, Kassonke, Maninke, Minyanka, Senufo, the Songhay languages, Soninke and Tamasheq, became official languages. The lingua...
the official language of The Gambia and is thus used for official purposes and education. Other languages include Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, Serer, Soninke...
Pulaar, a dialect of the Fulalanguage that spans West Africa from Senegal to Cameroon. They identified themselves by the language giving rise to the name...
Mande languages are widely spoken, the most predominant being Dyula (also spelled Jula or Dioula), others including Bobo, Samo, and Marka. Peul (Fula: fulfulde)...
Adamawa Fulfulde is a variety of the Fulalanguage. It is spoken mainly in Cameroon but also by significant communities residing in Nigeria, Chad, and...
Xhosa, Zulu) Aja-Gbe: Benin (a national language along with Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari...
East Africa).[citation needed] jook/juk From the Fula word jukka 'poke, spur' soso From the Igbo language word soso 'only' hard-head From ísí íké, (head...
typographic ligature Word-initial ff, digraph used initially Fulalanguage (ISO 639-1 code ff), a language of West Africa File format, any of numerous ways to...
on protesters. The violence led to ethnic clashes between the Malinke and Fula, who supported and opposed President Condé, respectively. On 26 March 2013...
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