Eurasian wolf in the Kolmården Wildlife Park, Sweden
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Carnivora
Family:
Canidae
Genus:
Canis
Species:
C. lupus
Subspecies:
C. l. lupus
Trinomial name
Canis lupus lupus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
C. l. lupus range
Synonyms
List
altaicus (Noack, 1911)
argunensis (Dybowski, 1922)
canus (Sélys Longchamps, 1839)
communis (Dwigubski, 1804)
deitanus (Cabrera, 1907)
desertorum (Bogdanov, 1882)
flavus (Kerr, 1792)
fulvus (Sélys Longchamps, 1839)
italicus (Altobello, 1921)
kurjak (Bolkay, 1925)
lycaon (Trouessart, 1910)
major (Ogérien, 1863)
minor (Ogerien, 1863)
niger (Hermann, 1804)
orientalis (Wagner, 1841)
orientalis (Dybowski, 1922)
signatus (Cabrera, 1907)[2]
The Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), also known as the common wolf,[3] is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Europe and Asia. It was once widespread throughout Eurasia prior to the Middle Ages. Aside from an extensive paleontological record, Indo-European languages typically have several words for "wolf", thus attesting to the animal's abundance and cultural significance.[4] It was held in high regard in Baltic, Celtic, Slavic, Turkic, ancient Greek, Roman, Dacian, and Thracian cultures, whilst having an ambivalent reputation in early Germanic cultures.[5]
It is the largest of Old World grey wolves, averaging 39 kg (86 lb) in Europe;[6] however, exceptionally large individuals have weighed 69–79 kg (152–174 lb), though this varies according to region.[7][8] Its fur is relatively short and coarse,[3] and is generally of a tawny colour, with white on the throat that barely extends to the cheeks.[8] Melanists, albinos, and erythrists are rare, and mostly the result of wolf-dog hybridisation.[9] According to Erik Zimen, the howl of the Eurasian wolf is much more protracted and melodious than that of North American grey wolf subspecies, whose howls are louder and have a stronger emphasis on the first syllable.[10]
Many Eurasian wolf populations are forced to subsist largely on livestock and garbage in areas with dense human activity, though wild ungulates such as moose, red deer, roe deer and wild boar are still the most important food sources in Russia and the more mountainous regions of Eastern Europe. Other prey species include reindeer, argali, mouflon, wisent, saiga, ibex, chamois, wild goats, fallow deer, and musk deer.[11]
^"Wolf". eunis.eea europa.eu.
^Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ abMech, L. David (1981), The Wolf: The Ecology and Behaviour of an Endangered Species, University of Minnesota Press, p. 354, ISBN 0-8166-1026-6
^Gamkrelidze, T. V. & Ivanov, V. V. (1995), Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture, Walter de Gruyter, pp. 413-417, ISBN 3110815036
^Cite error: The named reference boitani2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Factsheet: Gray Wolf (Eurasia's Carnivores > Canis lupus)". Archived from the original on 2015-08-04. Retrieved 2015-03-07.
^Heptner, V. G. & Naumov, N. P. (1998) Mammals of the Soviet Union Vol.II Part 1a, SIRENIA AND CARNIVORA (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears), Science Publishers, Inc. USA., pp. 184-187, ISBN 1-886106-81-9
^ abMiller, G. S. (1912), Catalogue of the mammals of Western Europe (Europe exclusive of Russia) in the collection of the British museum, London, Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, pp. 313-314
^Heptner, V. G. & Naumov, N. P. (1998) Mammals of the Soviet Union Vol.II Part 1a, SIRENIA AND CARNIVORA (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears), Science Publishers, Inc. USA., pp. 166, ISBN 1-886106-81-9
^Zimen, E. (1981), The Wolf: His Place in the Natural World, Souvenir Press, p. 73, ISBN 0-285-62411-3
^Peterson, R. O. & Ciucci, P. (2003), "The Wolf as a Carnivore", in Wolves: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, edited by L. David Mech and Luigi Boitani, pp. 104-130, Chicago: University Press
The Eurasianwolf (Canis lupus lupus), also known as the common wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Europe and Asia. It was once widespread throughout...
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common where the grey wolf (Canis lupus) is abundant, and wolves have been reported to attack and even eat lynx. The Eurasian lynx was once widespread...
West Eurasian dog breeds; however, many West Eurasian dog breeds have also inherited Japanese wolf ancestry due to admixture with East Eurasian breeds...
of C. lupus under the biological common name of "wolf", the nominate subspecies being the Eurasianwolf (C. l. lupus) based on the type specimen that Linnaeus...
a number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasianwolf (Canis lupus lupus). In 1758, the Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl...
eastern wolf (Canis lycaon or Canis lupus lycaon or Canis rufus lycaon), also known as the timber wolf, Algonquin wolf and eastern timber wolf, is a canine...
and 70–80 cm height at the shoulders. The Iberian wolf differs from the more common Eurasianwolf with its slighter frame, white marks on the upper lips...
North Wind, an inter-species intelligence agency consisting of British Eurasianwolf leader Classified; Norwegian polar bear muscle Corporal; Belgian harp...
the Special Olympics for Uganda. Hessian wolf-children: 15–7 (1304, 1341 and 1344) lived with the Eurasianwolf in the forests of Hesse: The first boy...
genetic lineage has not been verified. The Indian wolf is similar in structure to the Eurasianwolf, but is smaller, more slightly built, and has shorter...
more different Eurasian gray wolf clades. MtDNA studies have shown that there are at least four extant C. lupus lineages. The dire wolf shared its habitat...
portion of the scientific name, for example, Canis lupus lupus for the Eurasianwolf subspecies, or as a botanical example, Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus...
sequences and whole genome nuclear sequences of African and Eurasian canids indicated that extant wolf-like canids have colonised Africa from Eurasia at least...
the global gray wolf population is estimated to be 200,000–250,000. Once abundant over much of North America and Eurasia, the gray wolf inhabits a smaller...
Wolf distribution is the species distribution of the wolf (Canis lupus). Originally, wolves occurred in Eurasia above the 12th parallel north and in North...
combination of wolf-dog hybrids and escaped captive wolves especially when you consider the high level of hybridization of the Eurasianwolf population....
clade that included the Tibetan wolf, the domestic dog, the Mongolian wolf and the Eurasianwolf, with the Tibetan wolf diverging early from wolves and...
Scandinavian Mountains and polar bears may be found on Svalbard. The Eurasianwolf, the second largest predator in Europe after the bear, can be found...
contains the highest number of brown bears (Ursus arctos collaris), Eurasianwolf (Canis lupus), moose (Alces alces) and wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)...
mascot was unveiled on 21 October 2016. It represents an anthropomorphic Eurasianwolf (Canis lupus lupus) with brown and white fur, wearing a T-shirt emblazoned...
wapiti Siberian musk deer Eurasianwolf Tundra wolf Arctic fox Red fox Amur leopard Siberian tiger Ussuri black bear Eurasian brown bear East Siberian...
the brown bear, the Eurasianwolf, the red fox and the Arctic fox, as well as the Eurasian lynx, the European badger, the Eurasian otter, the stoat, the...
The Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), also known as the northern sparrowhawk or simply the sparrowhawk, is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae...
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands...
bear, another name for the Marsican brown bear Apennine wolf, a subspecies of the Eurasianwolf Apennine hare, another name for the Corsican hare South...
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