The steppe wolf (Canis lupus campestris), also known as the Caspian Sea wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to the Caspian steppes, the steppe regions of the Caucasus, the lower Volga region, southern Kazakhstan north to the middle of the Emba, and the steppe regions of the lower European part of the former Soviet Union. It may also occur in northern Afghanistan and Iran, and possibly the steppe regions of far eastern Romania, Hungary and other areas of Eastern Europe.[1] Studies have shown this wolf to be a host for rabies. Due to its close proximity to humans and domestic animals, the need for a reliable vaccine is high.[3]
Rueness et al. (2014) showed that wolves in the Caucasus Mountains, of the putative Caucasian subspecies C. l. cubanensis, are not genetically distinct enough to be considered a subspecies, but may represent a local ecomorph (population) of C. l. lupus.[4] In Kazakhstan, villagers sometimes feed the wolves and utilize them as “guard dogs”.[5]
^ abHeptner, V.G.; Naumov, N.P., eds. (1998). Mammals of the Soviet Union, Vol. II, Part 1a. Sirenia and Carnivora (Sea Cows; Wolves and Bears). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation. pp. 188–189. ISBN 1886106819. Retrieved December 7, 2018.
^ abcWozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^Zhugunissov, K.; Taranov, D.; Bulatov, Y. (2017). "Protective immune response of oral rabies vaccine in stray dogs, corsacs and steppe wolves after a single immunization". Archives of Virology. 162 (11): 3363–3370. doi:10.1007/s00705-017-3499-6. PMID 28766059. S2CID 8000454.
^Kopaliani, N.; Shakarashvili, M.; Gurielidze, Z.; Qurkhuli, T.; Tarkhnishvili, D. (2014). "Gene Flow between Wolf and Shepherd Dog Populations in Georgia (Caucasus)". Journal of Heredity. 105 (3): 345–53. doi:10.1093/jhered/esu014. PMID 24622972.
^"Kazakhstan: Villagers use 'guard wolves' for protection". BBC. December 17, 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
The steppewolf (Canis lupus campestris), also known as the Caspian Sea wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to the Caspian steppes, the steppe regions...
cold-resistance of a wild wolf, able to cope in the harsh conditions of the vast Russian borders. In 2000, a Caspian SteppeWolf, noted for being unusually...
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands...
size of domestic water buffalo calves. Its competitors are the red fox, steppewolf, jungle cat, Caucasian wildcat, the raccoon in the Caucasus and in Central...
number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus). In 1758, the Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus...
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The wolf (Canis lupus; pl.: wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty...
scavenging on Pleistocene megafauna possible. The Beringian wolf preyed most often on horse and steppe bison, and also on caribou, mammoth, and woodland muskox...
them better candidates for further domestication. On the mammoth steppe the wolf's ability to hunt in packs, to share risk fairly among pack members...
Pleistocene). The Mosbach wolf was a short-legged carcass feeder adapted for scavenging megafauna on the mammoth steppe. The Mosbach wolf is proposed as the...
subspecies of Canis Lupis made up of Steppewolf, Eurasian wolf, Tundra wolf and even Mongolian wolf and Italian wolf to use it to migrate out of scarceness...
from the 2 meter (6 ft 7 in) wolf to the 46 cm (18 in) fennec fox. Population sizes range from the Falkland Islands wolf, extinct since 1876, to the domestic...
Apokolips working under Darkseid. "Steppenwolf" is the German word for steppewolf. First debuting in the Ultimate Edition of Batman v Superman: Dawn of...
The steppe polecat (Mustela eversmanii), also known as the white or masked polecat, is a species of mustelid native to Central and Eastern Europe and Central...
The Pleistocene wolf, also referred to as the Late Pleistocene wolf, is an extinct lineage or ecomorph of the grey wolf (Canis lupus). It was a Late Pleistocene...
migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established...
aureus LC Gray wolf, C. lupus LC Tundra wolf, C. l. albus Steppewolf, C. l. campestris Mongolian wolf, C. l. chanco Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus Family:...
red wolf (Canis rufus) is a canine native to the southeastern United States. Its size is intermediate between the coyote (Canis latrans) and gray wolf (Canis...
The dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus /iːˈnɒsaɪ.ɒn ˈdaɪrəs/) is an extinct canine. The dire wolf lived in the Americas (with a possible single record also known...
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corsac), also known simply as a corsac, is a medium-sized fox found in steppes, semi-deserts and deserts in Central Asia, ranging into Mongolia and northern...
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