Erythroxylum (Erythroxylon) is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine,[1][2] and two of the species within this genus, Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense, both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea.[3] Another species, Erythroxylum vaccinifolium (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine.
Erythroxylum species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including several Morpho species and Dalcera abrasa, which has been recorded on E. deciduum, and the species of Agrias.
^Dr Duke's List of plants containing COCAINE "Chemical Information". Archived from the original on 2004-11-07. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
^Bieri S, Brachet A, Veuthey J, Christen P. Cocaine distribution in wild Erythroxylum species. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2006; 103: 439-447. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.021
^Johnson, E; Zhang D; Emche S (2005). "Inter- and Intra-specific Variation among Five Erythroxylum Taxa Assessed by AFLP". Annals of Botany. 95 (4): 601–608. doi:10.1093/aob/mci062. PMC 4246853. PMID 15650009.
Erythroxylum coca is one of two species of cultivated coca. The coca plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches...
peoples in different areas of South America independently transformed Erythroxylum gracilipes plants into quotidian stimulant and medicinal crops now collectively...
Erythroxylum novogranatense is a neotropical species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae). Cocaine is produced from the leaves. "Novogranatense" is derived...
Coca alkaloids are the alkaloids found in the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca. They are predominantly of either the pyrrolidine or the tropane types. Benzoylecgonine...
Erythroxylum vaccinifolium is a flowering plant species in the genus Erythroxylum. It is used to prepare catuaba, an infusion used as an aphrodisiac in...
Erythroxylum monogynum, the bastard sandal or red cedar, is a tropical tree in the family Erythroxylaceae. It is native to Peninsular India and Sri Lanka...
Stimulants and cocaine-related alkaloids: Cocaine, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca) Ecgonine, a precursor and metabolite of cocaine Benzoylecgonine...
Erythroxylum australe is a shrub or small tree endemic to northern Australia. The plant is known by a variety of names including Brigalow erythroxylon...
Erythroxylum ecarinatum is a Southwest Pacific and Australian species of Erythroxylum. It is an Australian rainforest timber tree locally called "brown...
Erythroxylum socotranum is a species of plant. It is a part of the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas and...
Erythroxylum laurifolium is a species from the genus Erythroxylum. It was first described by Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck. The plant is endemic to Reunion...
coca (the plant from which cocaine is obtained) has the name Erythroxylum coca. Erythroxylum is derived from the Greek words erythros, red, and xylon, wood...
of 4 genera and 271 species. The four genera are Aneulophus Benth., Erythroxylum P.Browne, Nectaropetalum Engl., and Pinacopodium Exell & Mendonça. The...
Erythroxylum sechellarum is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Seychelles. Ismail, S.; Huber, M.J.; Mougal, J. (2011)....
most widely used barks are derived from the trees Trichilia catigua and Erythroxylum vaccinifolium. Other catuaba preparations use the bark of trees from...
Erythroxylum macrophyllum is a tropical tree in the family Erythroxylaceae. It is found in Costa Rica. It grows at altitudes of 1200–1400 m. It is a small...
Erythroxylum platyclados, synonyms including Erythroxylum acranthum, is a species of flowering plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to parts of...
Erythroxylum kochummenii is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat...
Erythroxylum ellipticum is a Northern Australian species of Erythroxylum. It grows as a shrub or tree. It is locally known as kerosene wood or turpentine...
negra, also known as supercoca or la millionaria, is a form of coca (Erythroxylum coca) that is purportedly resistant to the herbicide glyphosate. The...
Erythroxylum pacificum is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Peru. World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Erythroxylum...
Erythroxylum zeylanicum is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. leaves- medicinal. Bringmann, G; Günther, C; Mühlbacher...
Erythroxylum ruizii is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests...
Erythroxylum obtusifolium is a species of plant in the Erythroxylaceae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998)...
Erythroxylum rufum, the rufous false coca, is a flowering plant species in the genus Erythroxylum. Ombuin-3-O-rhamnosylglucoside, a glycoside of ombuin...
Erythroxylum cambodianum is a shrub in the family Erythroxylaceae. It grows in Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. The wood is used for pickets and as...
whole ground dried coca leaves harvested from the coca plant, Erythroxylum coca or Erythroxylum novogranatense. Coca flour is commercially produced and sold...
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