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Human body weight
General concepts
Obesity (Epidemiology)
Overweight
Underweight
Body shape
Weight gain
Weight loss
Gestational weight gain
Diet (nutrition)
Weight management
Overnutrition
Childhood obesity (Epidemiology)
Medical concepts
Adipose tissue
Classification of obesity
Genetics of obesity
Metabolic syndrome (Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome)
Prevalence of childhood obesity has increased worldwide. The world health organization (WHO) estimated that 39 million children younger than 5 years of age were overweight or had obesity in 2020, and that 340 million children between 5 and 19 were overweight or had obesity in 2016.[1] If the trend continues at the same rate as seen after the year 2000, it could have been expected that there would be more children with obesity than moderate or severe undernutrition in 2022.[2] However, the Covid-19 pandemic will most likely effect the prevalence of undernutrition and obesity[3]
In 2010 that the prevalence of childhood obesity during the past two to three decades, much like the United States, has increased in most other industrialized nations, excluding Russia and Poland.[4] Between the early 1970s and late 1990s, prevalence of childhood obesity doubled or tripled in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Japan, the UK, and the USA.[4]
A 2010 article from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition analyzed global prevalence from 144 countries in preschool children (less than 5 years old).[5] Cross-sectional surveys from 144 countries were used and overweight and obesity were defined as preschool children with values >3SDs from the mean.[5] They found an estimated 42 million obese children under the age of five in the world of which close to 35 million lived in developing countries.11 Additional findings included worldwide prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity increasing from 4.2% (95% CI: 3.2%, 5.2%) in 1990 to 6.7% (95% CI: 5.6%, 7.7%) in 2010 and expecting to rise to 9.1% (95% CI: 7.3%, 10.9%), an estimated 60 million overweight and obese children in 2020.[5]
^"Obesity and overweight". www.who.int. Retrieved 2023-08-25.
^NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) (October 10, 2017). "Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents and adults". The Lancet. 390 (10113): 2627–2642. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 5735219. PMID 29029897.
^Zemrani, Boutaina; Gehri, Mario; Masserey, Eric; Knob, Cyril; Pellaton, Rachel (22 January 2021). "A hidden side of the COVID-19 pandemic in children: the double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition". International Journal for Equity in Health. 20 (1): 44. doi:10.1186/s12939-021-01390-w. ISSN 1475-9276. PMC 7820834. PMID 33482829.
^ abHan JC, Lawlor DA, Kimm SY (May 2010). "Childhood obesity". Lancet. 375 (9727): 1737–48. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60171-7. PMC 3073855. PMID 20451244.
^ abcde Onis M, Blössner M, Borghi E (November 2010). "Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 92 (5): 1257–64. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29786. PMID 20861173. S2CID 2887116.
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