Environmental impact of the Vietnam War information
The Vietnam War had a major and long-lasting impact on the environment of the countries affected. The environment of Vietnam was severely degraded by the use of defoliants, bombing and other military activities.[1] North Vietnam utilised the geography and ecology of the region to conceal their activities and move resources, such as via the complex network of tunnels and paths in the Ho Chi Minh trail. In response, the United States developed and deployed technologies and campaigns to clear forests and destabilise soil, greatly impacting the environment.[2] Over the long-term, the long-term agricultural productivity in parts of Vietnam was reduced by Agent Orange and bombing campaigns.[3] The war has also been linked to extensive deforestation and influenced the hydrology of the Mekong region.[4][5]
^Orians, Gordon H.; Pfeiffer, E. W. (1970). "Ecological Effects of the War in Vietnam". Science. 168 (3931): 544–554. ISSN 0036-8075.
^"The Origins of Ecocide: Revisiting the Ho Chi Minh Trail in the Vietnam War". Environment & Society Portal. 2020-05-21. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
^Appau, Samuelson; Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa; Smyth, Russell; Trinh, Trong-Anh (2021-10-01). "The long-term impact of the Vietnam War on agricultural productivity". World Development. 146: 105613. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105613. ISSN 0305-750X.
^Lacombe, Guillaume; Pierret, Alain (October 2013). "Hydrological impact of war‐induced deforestation in the Mekong Basin". Ecohydrology. 6 (5): 901–903. doi:10.1002/eco.1395. ISSN 1936-0584.
^"Environmental and migratory consequences of the Vietnam War | Environmental Migration Portal". environmentalmigration.iom.int. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
and 26 Related for: Environmental impact of the Vietnam War information
TheVietnamWar had a major and long-lasting impact on the environment ofthe countries affected. The environment ofVietnam was severely degraded by the...
the environment. Specific examples oftheenvironmentalimpactofwar include World War I, World War II, theVietnamWar, the Rwandan Civil War, the Kosovo...
involvement in theVietnamWar began shortly after the end of World War II in Asia, first in an extremely limited capacity and escalating over a period of 20 years...
Environmental issues in Vietnam are numerous and varied. This is due in part to the effects oftheVietnamWar, and also because ofVietnam's rapid industrialization...
the VietnamWar from 1961 to 1971. It is a mixture of equal parts of two herbicides, 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D. In addition to its damaging environmental effects...
The ongoing environmentalimpactsofwar in Afghanistan, from the 1979 beginning ofthe Soviet-Afghan War to the 2021 United States' withdrawal from Afghanistan...
Women in theVietnamWar were active in a large variety of roles, making significant impacts on theWar and with theWar having significant impacts on them...
theVietnamWar as the communist-dominated Viet Cong (VC) gained influence over much ofthe population in rural areas ofthe country. North Vietnam also...
linked to theVietnamWar. New Caledonia's exports had quadrupled over the past decade. This rise followed by a decline, to about 4 million tonnes of ore in...
becoming a major economic force in the country. After an interruption during and immediately following theVietnamWar, production rose once again after...
Human impact on the environment (or anthropogenic environmentalimpact) refers to changes to biophysical environments and to ecosystems, biodiversity,...
subsequent collapse ofthe Soviet Union, as well as the negative impactsofthe post-war trade embargo imposed by the United States, Vietnam began to liberalise...
concern for the environment as a whole and the negative impactof poor air or water on humans. For recent history see Environmental policy ofthe United States...
in Vietnam is a component ofthe modern Vietnamese economy. In 2019, Vietnam received 18 million international arrivals, up from 2.1 million in the year...
related topics such as environmentalimpact assessments. Environmental law is seen as the body of laws concerned with the protection of living things (human...
including the destruction of 20% ofthe jungles of South Vietnam and 20-36% (with other figures reporting 20-50%) ofthe mangrove forests. Theenvironmental destruction...
(2018). "Occurrence, sources, human health impacts and mitigation of microplastic pollution" (PDF). Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 25 (36):...
estimate ofthe total death toll in two wars at about 150,000 to 200,000 civilians. Environmental agencies warn that the Russian republic of Chechnya...
ofthewar. Some international law is designed to limit this environmental harm. War and military activities have obvious detrimental impacts on the environment...
concurrently with thewar or develop as residual effects afterwards thereby impeding the economy over the longer term". In 2012 the economic impactofwar and violence...
during the Korean War and theVietnamWar. In addition to the loss of life by uniformed soldiers, millions died in the superpowers' proxy wars around the globe...
automobiles did not increase until after World War II. The car is considered an essential part ofthe developed economy. Cars have controls for driving...