Enmerkar[a][b] was an ancient Sumerian ruler to whom the construction of the city of Uruk and a 420-year reign[c] was attributed. According to literary sources, he led various campaigns against the land of Aratta.
He is credited in Sumerian legend as the inventor of writing.[4] A excerpt of an ancient text states "Because the messenger's mouth was heavy and he couldn't repeat (the message), the Lord of Kulaba (Enmerkar) patted some clay and put words on it, like a tablet. Until then, there had been no putting words on clay." This is the earliest known story in history about the invention of writing.
^Pournelle, Jennifer R. (2003). Marshland of Cities: Deltaic Landscapes and the Evolution of Civilization. S.N. p. 267.
^Yushu, Gong (2004). The Sumerian Account of the Invention of Writing —A New Interpretation. Elsevier Ltd. pp. 7446–7453.
^Selz, G. J Irano-Sumerica p.259-267
^WOODS, C. (2010). Inventions of writing in the Ancient Middle East and beyond.
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Enmerkar was an ancient Sumerian ruler to whom the construction of the city of Uruk and a 420-year reign was attributed. According to literary sources...
Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta is a legendary Sumerian account, preserved in early post-Sumerian copies, composed in the Neo-Sumerian period (ca. 21st...
consort Ninsun and his heroic deeds in an expedition to Aratta by King Enmerkar. Lugalbanda is listed in the Sumerian King List as the second king of Uruk...
Aratta is a land that appears in Sumerian myths surrounding Enmerkar and Lugalbanda, two early and possibly mythical kings of Uruk also mentioned on the...
Marduk in Babylon. A Sumerian story with some similar elements is told in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta. The phrase "Tower of Babel" does not appear in...
separate the god Utu from being the biological father of Enmerkar, as mentioned in Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta, and giving him a royal descendant...
known stories that belong to the same cycle describing conflicts between Enmerkar, king of Unug (Uruk), and an unnamed king of Aratta. The story is also...
Gilgamesh. Enmerkar and Lugalbanda: Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta and Enmerkar and En-suhgir-ana as well as two tales of Lugalbanda during Enmerkar's campaign...
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They are part of a four-story cycle that describes the conflicts between Enmerkar, king of Unug (Uruk), and the king of Aratta. The texts are believed to...
David Rohl's theory, Enmerkar, the Sumerian founder of Uruk, was the original inspiration for Nimrod, because the story of Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta...
associated with the king Enmerkar (the known text is very fragmentary). In the portions that are known, Adapa and Enmerkar descend into the earth (nine...
the image of gods. In the Sumerian epic entitled Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta, in a speech of Enmerkar, an introductory spell appears, recounting Enki...
Old Babylonian period, Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta and Lugalbanda and the Anzu Bird, the Early Dynastic ruler of Uruk Enmerkar (listed in the Sumerian...
Uruk Part of a series in Sumerian literature Enmerkar of Uruk Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta Enmerkar and En-suhgir-ana Lugalbanda of Uruk Lugalbanda...
line I4: "the e-gi(g)-par" The giparu of Inanna in Uruk is mentioned in Enmerkar and the lord of Aratta, lines 1–24: "Before the land of Dilmun yet existed...
Balih En-me-nuna Melem-Kish Barsal-nuna Uruk I dynasty Mesh-ki-ang-gasher Enmerkar ("conqueror of Aratta") 2700 BCE Early Dynastic Period II (2700–2600 BCE)...
by the king Enmerkar. Though the king-list mentions a father before him, the epic Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta relates that Enmerkar constructed the...
Balih En-me-nuna Melem-Kish Barsal-nuna Uruk I dynasty Mesh-ki-ang-gasher Enmerkar ("conqueror of Aratta") 2700 BCE Early Dynastic Period II (2700–2600 BCE)...
the epic poem Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta (ETCSL 1.8.2.3). The epic deals with a rivalry between the cities of Uruk and Aratta. Enmerkar, the king of...
Balih En-me-nuna Melem-Kish Barsal-nuna Uruk I dynasty Mesh-ki-ang-gasher Enmerkar ("conqueror of Aratta") 2700 BCE Early Dynastic Period II (2700–2600 BCE)...
Anzud Bird, Mesopotamian religion) Epic of Enmerkar (including Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta and Enmerkar and En-suhgir-ana, Mesopotamian religion) Atrahasis...
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