Enki information

Enki
𒀭𒂗𒆠
Enki; 𒀭𒂗𒆠
God of creation, intelligence, crafts, fertility, semen, magic, mischief
	Detail of Enki from the Adda Seal, an ancient Akkadian cylinder seal dating to circa 2,300 BC
Symbol	Goat, fish, goat-fish, chimera
Personal information
Parents	An and Nammu
Consort	Ninhursag, Damkina
Children	Marduk, Dumuzid, Ninsar, Ninkurra, Uttu, Ninti
Equivalents
Greek equivalent	Poseidon, Prometheus
Egyptian equivalent	Set, Ptah

This article contains cuneiform script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script.

Enki (Sumerian: 𒀭𒂗𒆠 ^DEN-KI) is the Sumerian god of water, knowledge (gestú), crafts (gašam), and creation (nudimmud), and one of the Anunnaki. He was later known as Ea (Akkadian: 𒀭𒂍𒀀) or Ae^[5] in Akkadian (Assyrian-Babylonian) religion, and is identified by some scholars with Ia in Canaanite religion. The name was rendered Aos in Greek sources (e.g. Damascius).^[6]

He was originally the patron god of the city of Eridu, but later the influence of his cult spread throughout Mesopotamia and to the Canaanites, Hittites and Hurrians. He was associated with the southern band of constellations called stars of Ea, but also with the constellation AŠ-IKU, the Field (Square of Pegasus).^[7] Beginning around the second millennium BCE, he was sometimes referred to in writing by the numeric ideogram for "40", occasionally referred to as his "sacred number".^[8]^[9] The planet Mercury, associated with Babylonian Nabu (the son of Marduk) was, in Sumerian times, identified with Enki.^[10]

Many myths about Enki have been collected from various sites, stretching from Southern Iraq to the Levantine coast. He is mentioned in the earliest extant cuneiform inscriptions throughout the region and was prominent from the third millennium down to the Hellenistic period.

^ "The Adda Seal". British Museum.
^ Leick, Dr Gwendolyn (11 September 2002). A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. Routledge. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-134-64103-1.
^ Duke, T. T. (1971). "Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe". The Classical Journal. 66 (4). Classical Association of the Middle West and South (CAMWS): 320–327. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 3296569. p. 324, note 28: "... Leonard Palmer suggests in his Interpretation of Mycenaean Greek texts (1963), p. 255, that the name of Poseidon is a direct translation of "calque" of the Sumerian EN.KI, 'lord of the earth'".
^ Stephanie West. "Prometheus Orientalized" page 147 Museum Helveticum Vol. 51, No. 3 (1994), pp. 129–149 (21 pages)
^ Duke, T. T. (1971). "Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe". The Classical Journal. 66 (4). Classical Association of the Middle West and South (CAMWS): 320–327. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 3296569. p. 324, note 27.
^ Langdon, S. (1918). "The Babylonian Conception of the Logos". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press: 433–449. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 25209408. p. 434.
^ Origins of the ancient constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions by J.H. Rogers
^ Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992). Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary. University of Texas Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-292-70794-8.
^ Foster, Benjamin R. (2007). "4 Mesopotamia". In Hinnells, John R. (ed.). A Handbook of Ancient Religions. Cambridge University Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-1-139-46198-6.
^ Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992), Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary, The British Museum Press, p. 133, ISBN 978-0-7141-1705-8

[seal-1] "The Adda Seal". British Museum.

[2] Leick, Dr Gwendolyn (11 September 2002). A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. Routledge. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-134-64103-1.

[3] Duke, T. T. (1971). "Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe". The Classical Journal. 66 (4). Classical Association of the Middle West and South (CAMWS): 320–327. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 3296569. p. 324, note 28: "... Leonard Palmer suggests in his Interpretation of Mycenaean Greek texts (1963), p. 255, that the name of Poseidon is a direct translation of "calque" of the Sumerian EN.KI, 'lord of the earth'".

[auto2-4] Stephanie West. "Prometheus Orientalized" page 147 Museum Helveticum Vol. 51, No. 3 (1994), pp. 129–149 (21 pages)

[5] Duke, T. T. (1971). "Ovid's Pyramus and Thisbe". The Classical Journal. 66 (4). Classical Association of the Middle West and South (CAMWS): 320–327. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 3296569. p. 324, note 27.

[6] Langdon, S. (1918). "The Babylonian Conception of the Logos". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press: 433–449. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 25209408. p. 434.

[7] Origins of the ancient constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions by J.H. Rogers

[8] Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992). Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary. University of Texas Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-292-70794-8.

[9] Foster, Benjamin R. (2007). "4 Mesopotamia". In Hinnells, John R. (ed.). A Handbook of Ancient Religions. Cambridge University Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-1-139-46198-6.

[10] Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992), Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary, The British Museum Press, p. 133, ISBN 978-0-7141-1705-8

Enki information

and 23 Related for: Enki information

Enki

Ninhursag

Enki Bilal

Anunnaki

Enki Catena

Eridu

Ancestors of Enlil

Inanna

Sumerian religion

Nanduri Venkata Subba Rao

Nammu

Nanbaka

Mesopotamian myths

Utnapishtim

Ninti

Tiamat

Marduk

Gephyromantis enki

Damgalnuna

Uttu

Anu

Sea goat

Droners

Ancient Mesopotamian religion
Part of a series on
Chaos Monster and Sun God
Religions of the ancient Near East Anatolia Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia Babylonia Sumer Iranian Semitic Arabia Canaan
Primordial beings Tiamat and Abzu Lahamu and Lahmu Kishar and Anshar Mummu
Seven gods who decree Four primary Anu Enlil Enki Ninhursag Three sky gods Inanna/Ishtar Nanna/Sin Utu/Shamash
Other major deities Adad Dumuzid Enkimdu Enmesharra Ereshkigal Ki Kingu Geshtinanna Lahar Marduk Nergal Ninurta Šulpae
Minor deities Agasaya Anunnaki Asaruludu Ashnan Ashgi Bel Dumuzi-abzu Enbilulu Erra Erragal Gibil Hendursaga Igigi Isimud Išum Kajamanu Lahar Laṣ Lisin Lugala'abba Mami/Nintu Mamitu Maštabba Nabu Namtar Nanshe Nindara Ninmarki Nisaba Ninazu Ningal Ningirida Ningirima Ninkasi Ninkilim Ninlil Ninmug Ninšar Ninsikila Ninšubur Ninsun Nuska Paniĝinĝarra Sarpanit Shul-utula Šubula Šulpae Tišpak Uttu
Demigods and heroes Adapa Enkidu Enmerkar Gilgamesh Lugalbanda Shamhat Siduri Atra-Hasis Ziusudra Apkallu (seven sages)
Spirits and monsters Udug Lamassu/Shedu Asag Edimmu Siris Anzû Ušum Bašmu Mušmaḫḫū Ušumgallu Seven-headed serpent Humbaba Hanbi Kur Lamashtu Lilu Pazuzu Rabisu
Tales Myths An = Anum Atra-Hasis Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta Enūma Eliš Epic of Gilgamesh
Terms Dingir Sukkal
v t e