Uterus and fallopian tubes (uterine tubes). (Endometrium labeled at center right.)
Endometrium in the proliferative phase
Details
Part of
Uterus
Identifiers
Latin
tunica mucosa uteri
MeSH
D004717
TA98
A09.1.03.027
TA2
3521
FMA
17742
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus. It has a basal layer and a functional layer: the basal layer contains stem cells which regenerate the functional layer.[1] The functional layer thickens and then is shed during menstruation in humans and some other mammals, including other apes, Old World monkeys, some species of bat, the elephant shrew[2] and the Cairo spiny mouse.[3] In most other mammals, the endometrium is reabsorbed in the estrous cycle. During pregnancy, the glands and blood vessels in the endometrium further increase in size and number. Vascular spaces fuse and become interconnected, forming the placenta, which supplies oxygen and nutrition to the embryo and fetus.[4][5] The speculated presence of an endometrial microbiota[6]
has been argued against.[7][8]
^Gargett, C.E.; Schwab, K.E.; Zillwood, R.M.; Nguyen, H.P.; Wu, D. (June 2009). "Isolation and culture of epithelial progenitors and mesenchymal stem cells from human endometrium". Biology of Reproduction. 80 (6): 1136–1145. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.108.075226. PMC 2849811. PMID 19228591.
^Emera, D; Romero, R; Wagner, G (January 2012). "The evolution of menstruation: a new model for genetic assimilation: explaining molecular origins of maternal responses to fetal invasiveness". BioEssays. 34 (1): 26–35. doi:10.1002/bies.201100099. PMC 3528014. PMID 22057551.
^Bellofiore, N.; Ellery, S.; Mamrot, J.; Walker, D.; Temple-Smith, P.; Dickinson, H. (2016-06-03). "First evidence of a menstruating rodent: the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus)". bioRxiv. 216 (1): 40.e1–40.e11. doi:10.1101/056895. PMID 27503621. S2CID 196624853.
^Blue Histology - Female Reproductive System Archived 2007-02-21 at the Wayback Machine. School of Anatomy and Human Biology — The University of Western Australia Accessed 20061228 20:35
^Guyton AC, Hall JE, eds. (2006). "Chapter 81 Female Physiology Before Pregnancy and Female Hormones". Textbook of Medical Physiology (11th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 1018ff. ISBN 9780721602400.
^Franasiak, Jason M.; Scott, Richard T. (2015). "Reproductive tract microbiome in assisted reproductive technologies". Fertility and Sterility. 104 (6): 1364–1371. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.10.012. ISSN 0015-0282. PMID 26597628.
^Baker, JM; Chase, DM; Herbst-Kralovetz, MM (2018). "Uterine Microbiota: Residents, Tourists, or Invaders?". Frontiers in Immunology. 9: 208. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00208. PMC 5840171. PMID 29552006.
^Perez-Muñoz, ME; Arrieta, MC; Ramer-Tait, AE; Walter, J (28 April 2017). "A critical assessment of the "sterile womb" and "in utero colonization" hypotheses: implications for research on the pioneer infant microbiome". Microbiome. 5 (1): 48. doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0268-4. PMC 5410102. PMID 28454555.
The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus. It has a basal layer and a functional layer: the...
by the growth of cells that proliferate on the inside of the uterus (endometrium) atypically located among the cells of the uterine wall (myometrium)...
blastocyst that will implant itself into the lining of the uterus – the endometrium, where it will receive nutrients and develop into the embryo proper and...
of the endometrium and another round of ovarian follicle selection. During the follicular phase in the menstrual cycle, the uterine endometrium is in the...
between the body proper and the microbiome.: 437 Some examples include: Endometrium: the mucosa of the uterus Gastric mucosa Intestinal mucosa Nasal mucosa...
hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus. Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia...
(immature egg cells). The hormone estrogen stimulates the uterus lining (endometrium) to thicken to accommodate an embryo should fertilization occur. The...
Decidualization is a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy. This includes morphological...
Chorionic hematomas can be caused by the separation of the chorion from the endometrium (inner membrane of the uterus). Hematomas are classified by their location...
decidua is the modified mucosal lining of the uterus (that is, modified endometrium) that forms every month, in preparation for pregnancy. It is shed off...
Uterine hypoplasia, also known as naive uterus or infantile uterus, is a reproductive disorder characterized by hypoplasia of the uterus. It is usually...
estrogen—which needs to be present to stimulate the endometrium in the first place—to support a growing endometrium. Anovulatory bleeding is hence termed 'estrogen...
endometrium and myometrium of the uterus. It also causes endometrial cells to produce receptors for progesterone, which helps prime the endometrium to...
Endometriosis is a disease in which cells like those in the endometrium, the layer of tissue that normally covers the inside of the uterus, grow outside...
GNRH or low FSH that lead to low estrogen level ), c) a nonreactive endometrium, or d) a problem with the uterine outflow tract, such as cervical stenosis...
the myometrium and the endometrium. The myometrium is made of smooth tissue and the endometrium lines the uterus. The endometrium is important in pregnancy...
available to be fertilized by sperm. In addition, the uterine lining (endometrium) is thickened to be able to receive a fertilized egg. If no conception...
hormonal contraceptives reduces the growth of the endometrium, so there is relatively little endometrium left to be shed during menstruation. Many women...
if necessary, general or spinal anesthesia. After the procedure, the endometrium heals by scarring over, thus reducing or eliminating future uterine bleeding...
fertilization, the blastocyst undergoes implantation, embedding into the endometrium of the uterine wall where it will undergo further developmental processes...
effect of estrogens on the endometrium and ensures the transition to a secretory pattern and cyclical shedding of the endometrium in serial menopausal hormone...
chocolate cyst) is the presence of tissue similar to, but distinct from, the endometrium in and sometimes on the ovary. It is the most common form of endometriosis...
function is to accept a fertilized ovum, which becomes implanted into the endometrium, and derives nourishment from blood vessels, which develop exclusively...
Endometritis is inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). Symptoms may include fever, lower abdominal pain, and abnormal vaginal bleeding...
Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb). It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that...
which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance, respectively. It also produces relaxin...
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