For other places named New Holland, see New Holland.
Dutch possession in South America between 1630-1654
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Dutch Brazil
Nederlands-Brazilië
1630–1654
Flag
Coat of arms
Map of Dutch Brazil from 1630-1654, overlayed on a modern-day map of Brazil.
Status
Dutch colony
Capital
Mauritsstad
Common languages
Dutch Indigenous languages Portuguese
Religion
Dutch Reformed (official), Catholicism, Judaism, Indigenous American religions, Traditional African religions
Government
Colony
Governor
• 1637–1643
John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen
• 1643–1654
Dutch West India Company
History
• Established
16 February 1630
• Arrival of Maurice of Nassau
23 January 1637
• First Battle of Guararapes
19 April 1648
• Second Battle of Guararapes
19 February 1649
• Defeat by the Portuguese
28 January 1654
Currency
Braziliaanse Guldens (Brazilian Guilders)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Colonial Brazil
Colonial Brazil
Today part of
Brazil
Dutch Brazil (Dutch: Nederlands-Brazilië), also known as New Holland (Dutch: Nieuw-Holland), was a colony of the Dutch Republic in the northeastern portion of modern-day Brazil, controlled from 1630 to 1654 during Dutch colonization of the Americas. The main cities of the colony were the capital Mauritsstad (today part of Recife), Frederikstadt (João Pessoa), Nieuw Amsterdam (Natal), Saint Louis (São Luís), São Cristóvão, Fort Schoonenborch (Fortaleza), Sirinhaém, and Olinda.
From 1630 onward, the Dutch Republic conquered almost half of Brazil's settled European area at the time, with its capital in Recife. The Dutch West India Company (GWC) set up its headquarters in Recife. The governor, John Maurice of Nassau, invited artists and scientists to the colony to help promote Brazil and increase immigration. However, the tide turned against the Dutch when the Portuguese won a significant victory at the Second Battle of Guararapes in 1649. On 26 January 1654, the Dutch surrendered and signed the capitulation, but only as a provisional pact. By May 1654, the Dutch Republic demanded that New Holland was to be given back. On 6 August 1661, New Holland was formally ceded to Portugal through the Treaty of The Hague.
While of only transitional importance for the Dutch, this period was of considerable importance in the history of Brazil. This period also precipitated a decline in Brazil's sugar industry, since conflict between the Dutch and Portuguese disrupted Brazilian sugar production, amidst rising competition from British, French, and Dutch planters in the Caribbean.[1]
^Lockhart and Schwartz, Early Latin America, p. 252.
DutchBrazil (Dutch: Nederlands-Brazilië), also known as New Holland (Dutch: Nieuw-Holland), was a colony of the Dutch Republic in the northeastern portion...
DutchBrazilians (Dutch: Nederlandse Brazilianen) (Portuguese: Neerlando-brasileiro) refers to Brazilians of full or partial Dutch ancestry. Dutch Brazilians...
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Dutch West Indies by the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands and given jurisdiction over Dutch participation in the Atlantic slave trade, Brazil...
The Flag of New Holland, also known as the flag of DutchBrazil, was the flag used by the Dutch West India Company for the territories that were under...
end of the First Anglo-Dutch War in May 1654, the Dutch Republic demanded that Nieuw Holland (DutchBrazil) be returned to Dutch control. Under threat...
Lanka, Brazil, and various other world regions through Dutch colonization. Allegiance to the Dutch Reformed Church was a common feature among Dutch immigrant...
language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Aruba, Suriname, Guyana, Curaçao, Argentina, Brazil, Canada...
the Dutch East India Company Flag of the Dutch West India Company Flag used by the Dutch West India Company in DutchBrazil The flag of DutchBrazil, or...
constitute Brazil were occupied, fought over and settled by diverse tribes. Thus, the history of Brazil begins with the indigenous people in Brazil. The Portuguese...
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gold) for abandoning its claims to the territory. In 1643 a Dutch fleet sailed from DutchBrazil to Southern Chile with the goal of establishing a base in...
started settling in Brazil when the Inquisition reached Portugal, in the 16th century. They arrived in Brazil during the period of Dutch rule, setting up...
predominant religion in Brazil is Christianity, with Catholicism being its largest denomination. In 1891, when the first Brazilian Republican Constitution...
State of Brazil (Portuguese: Estado do Brasil) was one of the states of the Portuguese Empire, in the Americas during the period of Colonial Brazil. In 1621...
Coat of arms of New Holland (DutchBrazil), resulting of the union of the four coats of the main Dutch dominions in Northeastern Brazil: The first quarter...
took place. The Dutch were reported to have sold Portuguese, captured in Brazil, as slaves, and of using African slaves in DutchBrazil There are also...
on the Brazilian coast. He did this as a spy, in preparation for a Dutch invasion. Henriques then went on to lead a Jewish contingent in Brazil as part...
White Brazilians (Portuguese: brasileiros brancos [bɾaziˈle(j)ɾuz ˈbɾɐ̃kus]) refers to Brazilian citizens who are considered or self-identify as "white"...
Dutch Golden Age painting is the painting of the Dutch Golden Age, a period in Dutch history roughly spanning the 17th century, during and after the later...
control of all Brazilian land to the Portuguese. Although DutchBrazil was conquered, during the course of the 17th century the Dutch were able to occupy...
Portuguese royal court transferred from Lisbon to the Portuguese colony of Brazil in a strategic retreat of queen Maria I of Portugal, prince regent John...
people in Brazil have full or partial Dutch ancestry. The first and largest wave of Dutch settlers in Brazil was between 1640 and 1656. A Dutch colony was...
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