A set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore
Not to be confused with Direct reduction (blast furnace).
New Zealand Steel steel complex, fed by direct reduction rotary furnaces (SL/RN process)[1] (capacity 650,000 t/year).[2]
In the iron and steel industry, direct reduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal. The resulting product is pre-reduced iron ore.
Historically, direct reduction was used to obtain a burr in a low furnace. At the beginning of the 20th century, this process was abandoned in favor of the blast furnace, which produces iron in two stages (reduction-melting to produce cast iron, followed by refining in a converter).
However, various processes were developed in the course of the 20th century and, since the 1970s, the production of pre-reduced iron ore has undergone remarkable industrial development, notably with the rise of the Midrex process. Designed to replace the blast furnace, these processes have so far only proved profitable in certain economic contexts, which still limits this sector to less than 5% of world steel production.
^(fr) Emmanuel-Louis Grüner, Traité de métallurgie - métallurgie générale, t. 2 (procédé de métallurgiques, chauffage et fusion, grillage, affinage et réduction), Dunod, 1878 [details of editions] (read online), part I, pp. 240; 250-254; 257.
^(fr) Adolf Ledebur (trans. Barbary de Langlade revised and annotated by F. Valton), Manuel théorique et pratique de la métallurgie du fer, Tome I et Tome II, t. 2, Librairie polytechnique Baudry et Cie éditeur, 1895 [details of editions], pp. 350-352.
In the iron and steel industry, directreduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal...
Direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the directreduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron...
less magnetic. Directreduction uses hotter temperatures of over 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) and longer times of 2–5 hours. Directreduction is used to produce...
He is notably the inventor of one of the first modern methods of directreduction of iron ore, based on the use of coal reacting with the ore in retorts...
inside The unfavourable reduction of Fd from a less reducing electron donor can be coupled simultaneously with the favourable reduction of an oxidising agent...
oxygen respiring organisms. Directreduction from nitrate to ammonium, a process known as dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium or DNRA, is also...
the bridge appear to direct reduction to the unsubstituted ring; β substituents (one bond further) tend to directreduction to the substituted ring. Arthur...
ancient Europe and the Middle East, but it was produced in bloomeries by directreduction. Small prills of pig iron dispersed in slag are produced in all iron...
imine becomes favoured for reduction over the carbonyl starting material. The two most common methods for directreductive amination are hydrogenation...
refining antimony from stibnite are roasting followed by reduction with carbon, or directreduction of stibnite with iron. The largest applications for metallic...
reduced, or reduction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Reduction, reduced, or reduce may refer to: Reduction (chemistry), part of a reduction-oxidation...
Steel can be produced from direct-reduced iron, which in turn can be produced from iron ore as it undergoes chemical reduction with hydrogen. Renewable...
form: DirectReduction Gas Atomization Liquid Atomization Centrifugal Atomization The following processes can be used to produce metal powder: Direct reduction...
The Flodin process is a directreduction process for manufacturing modern iron and steel, developed by Gustaf Henning Flodin from Sweden and patented in...
Dimensionality reduction, or dimension reduction, is the transformation of data from a high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space so that the...
produced wrought iron Cementation process Crucible steel Directreduction – produced direct reduced iron Smelting – the process of using furnaces to produce...
Redox potential (also known as oxidation / reduction potential, ORP, pe, E r e d {\displaystyle E_{red}} , or E h {\displaystyle E_{h}} ) is a measure...
P. T. and Eckstein, K (2003) "Production of Brass in Antiquity by DirectReduction" in Craddock, P. T. and Lang, J. (eds.) Mining and Metal Production...
pelletizing plant (diameters: 8–10 mm). After being reduced in the directreduction (DR) plant and removed of oxygen, pellets are converted to (sponge...
mathematical field of graph theory, a transitive reduction of a directed graph D is another directed graph with the same vertices and as few edges as...
which covers ironworks of all kinds. Shaft furnace breather DirectreductionDirectreduction (blast furnace) See: Draft (boiler) Schmult, Brian (2016)...
Scalp reduction is a surgical procedure in which the hairless region of the scalp of a bald person is reduced. This procedure can reduce the area of the...
borohydride is slow in this reaction. DIBAH reduces esters to aldehydes. Directreduction to give the corresponding ether is difficult as the intermediate hemiacetal...
Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal. Noise reduction techniques exist for audio and images. Noise reduction algorithms may distort...
have direct-drive to the propeller or may use a reduction drive. The advantages of direct-drive are simplicity, lightness and reliability, but a direct-drive...
processing iron have been developed. "Direct iron reduction" reduces iron ore to a ferrous lump called "sponge" iron or "direct" iron that is suitable for steelmaking...
forms: directreduction, electron shunting through ferrous iron, and reduction by production and reaction of hydrogen. Pathway A represents direct electron...
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