Digital sequence information is a policy term for genetic data and other related data
Digital sequence information (DSI) is a placeholder term used in international policy fora, particularly the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to refer to data derived from de-materialized genetic resources. The 2018 Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on DSI reached consensus that the term was "not appropriate".[1] Nevertheless, the term is generally agreed to include nucleic acid sequence data, and may be construed to include other data types derived from or linked to dematerialized genetic resources, including, for example, protein sequence data.[2][3] The appropriateness and meaning of this term remain controversial as evidenced by its continued placeholder status, post the 15th Conference of the Parties to the CBD.[4][5][6] DSI is crucial to research in a wide range of contexts, including public health, medicine, biodiversity, plant and animal breeding, and evolution research.
The Nagoya Protocol, a component of the Convention on Biological Diversity, establishes a right for countries to regulate, and to share in benefits derived from, their nation's genetic resources by arranging Access and Benefit Sharing Agreements with users. Academic researchers, however, generally share DSI freely and openly online, following a set of principles that align with the open science movement.[5] Open sharing of DSI is recognized to have broad benefits, and open science is a major and growing focus of international science policy.[7][8] This creates a perceived conflict with benefit sharing obligations, as individuals can access and use these open data without entering into benefit-sharing agreements. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity are currently considering a range of policy options that strike different balances between these two important international policy goals.[4]
DSI is also an important concept in other international legally binding instruments with access and benefit-sharing obligations, including the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework, the Antarctic Treaty System and the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction negotiations, a component of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.[5][9]
^"Report of the AHTEG on DSI on Genetic Resources", CBD/DSI/AHTEG/2018/1/4, https://www.cbd.int/doc/c/4493/56b5/4ec917358b3cb37c7f7061f5/dsi-ahteg-2018-01-04-en.pdf
^Houssen, Wael; Sara, Rodrigo; Marcel, Jaspars. "Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources: Concept, Scope and Current Use" (PDF). Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
^Laird, Sarah; Wynberg, Rachel. "CBD/DSI/AHTEG/2018/1/3 Page 2 A Fact-Finding and Scoping Study on Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources in the Context of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol" (PDF). Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
^ ab"Digital sequence information on genetic resources". Convention on Biological Diversity. 24 September 2021. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
^ abcRohden, Fabian; Scholz, Amber Hartman (2021-05-05). "The international political process around Digital Sequence Information under the Convention on Biological Diversity and the 2018–2020 intersessional period". Plants, People, Planet. 4 (1): 51–60. doi:10.1002/ppp3.10198. ISSN 2572-2611. S2CID 235562169.
^Daily Report for 14 December 2022, IISD, https://enb.iisd.org/un-biodiversity-conference-oewg5-cbd-cop15-daily-report-14dec2022
^Gaffney, Jim; Tibebu, Redeat; Bart, Rebecca; Beyene, Getu; Girma, Dejene; Kane, Ndjido Ardo; Mace, Emma S.; Mockler, Todd; Nickson, Thomas E.; Taylor, Nigel; Zastrow-Hayes, Gina (2020-09-01). "Open access to genetic sequence data maximizes value to scientists, farmers, and society". Global Food Security. 26: 100411. doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100411. ISSN 2211-9124. S2CID 225202844.
^UNESCO (2021-11-24). "UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science". unesdoc.unesco.org. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
^Aubry, Sylvain; Frison, Christine; Medaglia, Jorge C.; Frison, Emile; Jaspars, Marcel; Rabone, Muriel; Sirakaya, Aysegul; Saxena, Devanshi; Zimmeren, Esther van (2022). "Bringing access and benefit sharing into the digital age". Plants, People, Planet. 4 (1): 5–12. doi:10.1002/ppp3.10186. hdl:2164/17858. ISSN 2572-2611. S2CID 233968334.
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