This article is about the residents or nationals of Peru. For other uses, see Peruvian (disambiguation).
Demographics of Peru
Population pyramid of Peru in 2020
Population
34,352,719[1] (2023 est.)
Growth rate
0.51% (2022 est.)
Birth rate
14.0 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate
4.4 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy
68.94 years
• male
65.38 years
• female
72.67 years
Fertility rate
1.90 children per woman (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
10.8 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate
-0.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population
Age structure
0–14 years
24.54%
15–64 years
66.25%
65 and over
9.21%
Nationality
Major ethnic
Mestizo - 60.2%
Language
Official
Spanish, Quechua and Aymara
Historical population
Year
Pop.
±%
5000 BC
603,000
—
2000 BC
1,040,000
+72.5%
1000 BC
1,250,000
+20.2%
0
1,590,000
+27.2%
1000
3,000,000
+88.7%
1500
10,000,000
+233.3%
1570
2,500,000
−75.0%
1600
1,300,000
−48.0%
1700
1,500,000
+15.4%
1800
1,270,000
−15.3%
1900
3,690,000
+190.6%
1940
7,023,111
+90.3%
1961
10,420,357
+48.4%
1972
14,121,564
+35.5%
1981
17,762,231
+25.8%
1993
22,639,443
+27.5%
2007
28,220,764
+24.7%
2017
31,237,385
+10.7%
2018 Estimate
32,162,184
+3.0%
2020 Estimate
32,950,901
+2.5%
2025 Estimate
34,817,495
+5.7%
2030 Estimate
36,530,592
+4.9%
2050 Estimate
40,373,420
+10.5%
Source:[2][3][4][5]
Historical population of Peru
This is a demography of the population of Peru including population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Peru is a multiethnic country, which means that it is home to people of many different historical backgrounds. Therefore, it is a multicultural country as well. Since it is a multiethnic society, Peruvian people usually treat their nationality as a citizenship instead of an ethnicity. The Peruvian census does not contain information about ethnicity so only rough estimates are available.
^"DataBank - Population estimates and projections". The World Bank. 2023. Retrieved January 6, 2023.
^"Peru Population - Our World in Data". www.ourworldindata.org.
^"Población y Vivienda". Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática INEI. Retrieved July 27, 2017.
^"El Perú tiene una población de 31 millones 488 mil 625 habitantes". www.inei.gob.pe (in Spanish). INEI. July 11, 2016.
^Newson, Linda A. (1985). "Indian Population Patterns in Colonial Spanish America". Latin American Research Review. 20 (3): 42–43. doi:10.1017/S0023879100021695. JSTOR 2503469. S2CID 202896817.
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