This article is about the nationality. For information on the population of Peru, see Demographics of Peru. For other uses, see Peruvian (disambiguation).
Peruvians (Spanish: peruanos/peruanas) are the citizens of Peru. What is now Peru has been inhabited for several millennia by cultures such as the Caral before the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. Peruvian population decreased from an estimated 5–9 million in the 1520s to around 600,000 in 1620 mainly because of infectious diseases carried by the Spanish.[18] Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers in 1532 under colonial rule, mixing widely with each other and with Native Peruvians. During the Republic, there has been a gradual immigration of European people (especially from Spain and Italy, and to a lesser extent from Germany, France, Croatia, and the British Isles). Chinese and Japanese arrived in large numbers at the end of the 19th century.
With 31.2 million inhabitants according to the 2017 Census. Peru is the fourth most populous country in South America.[19] Its demographic growth rate declined from 2.6% to 1.6% between 1950 and 2000, and its population is expected to reach approximately 46 - 51 million in 2050.[20] As of 2017, 79.3% lived in urban areas and 20.7% in rural areas.[21] Major cities include Lima, home to over 9.5 million people, Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura, Iquitos, Huancayo, Cusco and Pucallpa, all of which reported more than 250,000 inhabitants.[22]
The largest expatriate Peruvian communities are in the United States, South America (Argentina, Chile, Venezuela and Brazil), Europe (Spain, Italy, France and the United Kingdom), Japan, Australia, and Canada.
^"Hispanic or Latino origin by specific origin: 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. 2014. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^"SÍNTESIS ESTADÍSTICA DE RADICACIONES" (PDF). 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
^"Estadística del Padrón Continuo. Datos provisionales a 1 de enero de 2022" (in Spanish). ine.es.
^"Estimación población extranjera en Chile 2021". INE. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
^"Peruviani in Italia nel 2022".
^"Perú - Emigrantes totales 2019".
^"Perú - Emigrantes totales 2019".
^"Imigrantes internacionais registrados no Brasil". www.nepo.unicamp.br. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
^"Canada Census Profile 2021". Census Profile, 2021 Census. Statistics Canada Statistique Canada. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
^"PERÚ Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática". inei.gob.pe.
^"People in Australia who were born in Peru, 2021 Census Country of birth QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
^"Anzahl der Ausländer in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland (Stand: 31. Dezember 2014)".
^"Befolkning efter födelseland, ålder, kön och år". www.scb.se. Statistiska Centralbyrån. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
^"Perú - Emigrantes totales 2019".
^"Perú - Emigrantes totales 2019".
^Fuente — Sección de Estadística. DANE 2005."?". Retrieved 23 May 2013.[dead link]
^"Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. p. 231.
Peruvians (Spanish: peruanos/peruanas) are the citizens of Peru. What is now Peru has been inhabited for several millennia by cultures such as the Caral...
Japanese Peruvians (Spanish: peruano-japonés or nipo-peruano; Japanese: 日系ペルー人, Nikkei Perūjin) are Peruvian citizens of Japanese origin or ancestry. Peru has...
indigenous Peruvians, the control or censorship of the media in Peru and the establishment of a neoliberal economy controlled by a military junta in Peru – as...
generation Chinese Peruvians do not speak the language of their Asian ancestors. However, some second generation Chinese Peruvians can speak one or more...
Black Peruvians or Afro-Peruvians are Peruvians of mostly or partially African descent. They mostly descend from enslaved Africans brought to Peru after...
Croatian Peruvians are Peruvians of Croatian descent. Mostly settled in the Peruvian capital, Lima, Croatian-Peruvians have scattered throughout the vast...
Peruvians of European descent, also known as White Peruvians. Traditionally, this group had been more dominant in the political, commercial, and diplomatic...
German Peruvians are Peruvian citizens of full or partial German ancestry. In general, the term is also applied to descendants of other German-speaking...
5% (or 1.2 million) of the 29 million Peruvians in 2009 had Chinese roots and ancestry, while 160,000 Peruvians in 2015 had Japanese roots and ancestry...
known by native Peruvians as Limaq. It became the capital and most important city in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Following the Peruvian War of Independence...
city of Lima. The city's bakeries are quite popular with Peruvians. One may find Peruvians standing in line in almost every bakery waiting for freshly...
British Peruvians are Peruvians of British descent. The phrase may refer to someone born in Peru of British descent. Among European Peruvians, the British...
This is a list of notable Peruvians. Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo (1887–1967) Javier Arias Stella Anthony Atala Oswaldo Baca Alberto Barton G. E. Berrios...
Arab Peruvians are Peruvian-born citizens who are of fully or partially of Arab descent, whose ancestors were Arabs who emigrated to Peru as part of the...
permanent. Nearly half of Peruvians have resided in the United States for over 20 years, with 46% of foreign-born Peruvians reported to have lived in...
Since December 2023, Peru is managed by the Uruguayan Jorge Fossati. During the 19th century, British immigrants and Peruvians returning from England...
Indigenous peoples of Peru, or Native Peruvians, comprise a large number of ethnic groups who inhabit territory in present-day Peru. Indigenous cultures...
Peruvians in the United Kingdom or Peruvian Britons (Spanish: Peruanos en el Reino Unido) are Peruvian immigrants to the United Kingdom, who form part...
bloodstock resulted in the modern Peruvian Horse. A decline in the use of Peruvians was seen in the southern part of Peru in the early 1900s, following the...
Polish Peruvians (Polish: Polacy w Peru, Spanish: Polaco-peruanos) are Peruvian-born citizens who are of fully or partially of Polish descent, whose ancestors...
million. Peru's 74 universities (1999), 39% public and 61% private institutions, enrolled about 322000 students in 1999. Afro-Peruvians Asian Peruvians British...
but as time passed many intermarried with Peruvians from other European backgrounds. Very few French-Peruvians can trace their ancestry. Fernando Belaúnde...
general De Sucre inflicted a defeat on the Peruvians at the Battle of Tarqui. The vastly outnumbered 900 Peruvian infantrymen were forced to retreat against...
sentiments of xenophobia against Venezuelans from Peruvians resulted. Following clashes between Peruvians and Venezuelan migrants at the Gamarra Market in...
Perus may refer to: Perus (district of São Paulo) Subprefecture of Perus, São Paulo Perus (butterfly), a genus of butterflies in the subfamily Carcharodini...
Italian Peruvians (Italian: italo-peruviani; Spanish: ítalo-peruanos) are Peruvian-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors...
1,433 people who declared Peru as their country of birth; other sources state that there are some 2,000 to 3,000 Peruvians living and working in Uruguay...
The three cities with the highest number of Peruvians are: Milan, Rome and Turin. Italian Peruvians Italy–Peru relations Immigration to Italy "Country-of-birth...
are in December 2023 49,114 Peruvians in Japan. The majority of them are descendants of earlier Japanese immigrants to Peru who have repatriated to Japan...
list of cities in Peru by population. For metropolitan areas see List of metropolitan areas of Peru. List of metropolitan areas of Peru List of regions...
Global Information
33,105,273 
United States
Argentina
Spain
Chile
Italy
Venezuela
Japan
Brazil
Canada
France
Australia
Germany
Switzerland
Sweden
Mexico
United Kingdom
Colombia