Others 1% (including Turkish, Armenian, Maronite) and unspecified 0.2%
Language
Official
Greek, Turkish
Population distribution by ethnicity (1960 census)
Census population and growth rate
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1881
186,173
—
1891
209,286
+1.18%
1901
237,022
+1.25%
1911
274,108
+1.46%
1921
310,715
+1.26%
1931
347,915
+1.14%
1946
450,114
+1.73%
1960
573,566
+1.75%
1973
631,788
+0.75%
1976
497,879
−7.63%
1982
522,845
+0.82%
1992
615,013
+1.64%
2001
703,529
+1.51%
2011
840,407
+1.79%
2021
923,272
+0.94%
The post 1974 censuses refer to the Government controlled areas.[1]
The people of Cyprus are broadly divided into two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, who share many cultural traits but maintain distinct identities based on ethnicity, religion, language, and close ties with Greece and Turkey respectively. Before the dispute started in 1964 the peoples of Cyprus (then 77.1% Greek speaking Cypriots, 18.2% Turkish speaking Cypriots, <5% other communities, primarily Armenians, Maronites, and other Lebanese)[2][3] were dispersed over the entire island.
The Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 de facto partitioned the island into two political areas: 99.5% of Greek Cypriots now live in the free areas of the Republic of Cyprus while 98.7% of Turkish Cypriots live in northern areas of Cyprus self-proclaimed as another state not recognised by any country other than Turkey (99.2% of other nationalities live in the Greek Cypriot areas in the center, west, east and south).[4] Greek and Cypriot dialect are predominantly spoken in the east, west, south and centre, where the majority are Greek Cypriots, and Turkish in the north, where the majority are Turkish Cypriots. English is widely used throughout the island, as a common language.
The total population of Cyprus as of the end of 2006 was slightly over 1 million, comprising 789,300 in the territory controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus[5] and 294,406 in the northern areas of Cyprus. The population of the northern areas of Cyprus has increased following the immigration of 150,000–160,000 Turkish mainlanders, which the UN confirmed to have arrived illegally.[6] On this basis, the Republic of Cyprus government does not include this group in the population statistics of the Republic of Cyprus Statistical Service.[7]
^"Census 2021". Statistical Service. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
^Hatay, Mete; Hatay, Mete; Contents, Erol Uysal. Is the Turkish Cypriot Population Shrinking? An Overview of the Ethno-Demography of Cyprus in the Light of the Preliminary Results of the 2006 Turkish-Cypriot Census. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.374.6154.
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