Dark cells are specialized nonsensory epithelial cells found on either side of the vestibular organs (the utricle and the ampullae of the semicircular canals[1]) and lining the endolymphatic space. These dark-cell areas in the vestibular organ are structures involved in the production of endolymph, an inner ear fluid, secreting potassium towards the endolymphatic fluid. Dark cells take part in fluid homeostasis to preserve the unique high-potassium and low-sodium content of the endolymph and also maintain the calcium homeostasis of the inner ear.[2]
Morphological and immunohistochemical studies in several species have indicated that these dark cell areas also form a single layer resting on top of pigmented cells at the base of the cristae ampullaris in the semi-circular canals and around the utricular macula.[2]
^Ciuman, R. R. (2009). "Stria vascularis and vestibular dark cells: characterisation of main structures responsible for inner-ear homeostasis, and their pathophysiological relations". The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 123 (2): 151–162. doi:10.1017/S0022215108002624. PMID 18570690.
^ abKimura RS (June 1969). "Distribution, structure, and function of dark cells in the vestibular labyrinth". Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 78 (3): 542–61. doi:10.1177/000348946907800311. PMID 5305759.
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