This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations.(April 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Cutting tool materials are materials that are used to make cutting tools which are used in machining (drill bits, tool bits, milling cutters, etc.) but not other cutting tools like knives or punches.
Cutting tool materials must be harder than the material of the workpiece, even at high temperatures during the process.
The following properties are required for cutting tool materials:[1]
hardness, hot hardness and pressure resistance
bending strength and toughness
inner bonding strength
wear resistance
oxidation resistance
small propensity for diffusion and adhesion
abrasion resistance
edge strength
There is no material that shows all of these properties at the same time. Very hard materials, have lower toughness and break more easily. The following cutting tool materials are used:
Tool steels. They are relatively cheap and tough. Their hardness is sufficient to machine other steels.
Carbon tool steels. They lose their hardness at 200 °C
High speed steels. They lose their hardness at 600 °C, and are widely used in machining. Due to their ability to retain hardness at higher temperature, higher cutting speeds are possible.
cemented carbides. Harder than tool steels, but less tough. Can be used up to 900 °C. There are many sort of cemented carbides like ones made of tungsten carbide and cobalt or cermets.
cutting ceramic. They are even harder than cemented carbides but have lower toughness. Aluminium oxide and silicon nitride are used. The latter has higher toughness, but can't be used for machining steel, due to very high wear.
"super hard materials":
cubic boron nitride. It is nearly as hard as diamond.
diamond. The hardest known material, but can only be used up to 600 °C and can't be used to machine steel.
Cuttingtoolmaterials are materials that are used to make cuttingtools which are used in machining (drill bits, tool bits, milling cutters, etc.) but...
A machine tool is a machine for handling or machining metal or other rigid materials, usually by cutting, boring, grinding, shearing, or other forms of...
In machining, a tool bit is a non-rotary cuttingtool used in metal lathes, shapers, and planers. Such cutters are also often referred to by the set-phrase...
work hardening. Other important factors are operating conditions, cuttingtoolmaterial and geometry, and the parameters of the specific machining process...
A diamond tool is a cuttingtool with diamond grains fixed on the functional parts of the tool via a bonding material or another method. As diamond is...
and shaping. A cuttingtool has one or more sharp cutting edges and is made of a harder material than the work material. The cutting edge serves to separate...
In machining, tool wear is the gradual failure of cuttingtools due to regular operation. Tools affected include tipped tools, tool bits, and drill bits...
known as a water jet or waterjet, is an industrial tool capable of cutting a wide variety of materials using an extremely high-pressure jet of water, or...
in machine tool practice, cutting speed and feed rate. They are often considered as a pair because of their combined effect on the cutting process. Each...
a cutting edge at elevated temperatures. As a result, tool steels are suited for use in the shaping of other materials, as for example in cutting, machining...
are cuttingtools typically used in milling machines or machining centres to perform milling operations (and occasionally in other machine tools). They...
the sharp, cutting portion of a tool, weapon, or machine, specifically designed to puncture, chop, slice, or scrape surfaces or materials. Blades are...
Laser cutting is a technology that uses a laser to vaporize materials, resulting in a cut edge. While typically used for industrial manufacturing applications...
A tipped tool is any cuttingtool in which the cutting edge consists of a separate piece of material that is brazed, welded, or clamped onto a body made...
the cuttingtool is perpendicular to the cutting edge at inner side. Negative rake: A tool has a negative rake angle when the face of the cuttingtool slopes...
outer profile is cut in a single stroke the tool is called a blanking tool. Blanking is the operation of cutting flat shapes from sheet metal. The outer area...
An end mill is a type of milling cutter, a cuttingtool used in industrial milling applications. They can have several end configurations: round (ball)...
of such cutting blades. Pincers are a similar tool with a different type of head used for cutting and pulling, rather than squeezing. Tools designed...
is a wedged hand tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge on the end of its blade, for carving or cutting a hard material (e.g. wood, stone...
A drill bit is a cuttingtool used in a drill to remove material to create holes, almost always of circular cross-section. Drill bits come in many sizes...
Global Information