The cumene process (cumene-phenol process, Hock process) is an industrial process for synthesizing phenol and acetone from benzene and propylene. The term stems from cumene (isopropyl benzene), the intermediate material during the process. It was invented by R. Ūdris and P. Sergeyev in 1942 (USSR),[1] and independently by Heinrich Hock in 1944.[2][3]
This process converts two relatively cheap starting materials, benzene and propylene, into two more valuable ones, phenol and acetone. Other reactants required are oxygen from air and small amounts of a radical initiator. Most of the worldwide production of phenol and acetone is now based on this method. In 2022, nearly 10.8 million tonnes of phenol was produced by the cumene process.[4] In order for this process to be economical, there must also be demand for the acetone by-product as well as the phenol.[5]
First stage of Hock process: alkylation of benzene with propylene.Second stage of Hock process: autoxidation of cumene.
^"Latvian". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
^Hock, H. and Lang, S. (1944), Autoxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen, IX. Mitteil.: Über Peroxyde von Benzol-Derivaten. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (A and B Series), 77: 257–264 doi:10.1002/cber.19440770321
^Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry (1993) Mary Eagleso
The cumeneprocess (cumene-phenol process, Hock process) is an industrial process for synthesizing phenol and acetone from benzene and propylene. The...
chemicals, primarily phenol and acetone (known as the cumeneprocess). Commercial production of cumene is by Friedel–Crafts alkylation of benzene with propylene...
cumene: C 6H 5(CH 3) 2CH + O2 → C 6H 5(CH 3) 2COOH Dicumyl peroxide is a side product. Cumene hydroperoxide is an intermediate in the cumeneprocess for...
but the cumeneprocess is the dominant technology. Accounting for 95% of production (2003) is the cumeneprocess, also called Hock process. It involves...
reagents in major commercial processes. In the cumeneprocess, acetone and phenol are produced by decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide (Me = methyl):...
styrene as a monomer cumene – isopropylbenzene; a feedstock in the cumeneprocess phenol – hydroxybenzene; often made by the cumeneprocess acetone – dimethyl...
oil Burton process – cracking of hydrocarbons Cracking (chemistry) – the generic term for breaking up the larger molecules Cumeneprocess – making phenol...
worldwide. Propene and benzene are converted to acetone and phenol via the cumeneprocess. Propene is also used to produce isopropyl alcohol (propan-2-ol), acrylonitrile...
spontaneous reactions with oxygen at elevated temperatures, such as in the Cumeneprocess. The free radical chain reaction is sometimes referred to as the Bolland-Gee...
methods, as acetone is itself normally prepared from propene via the cumeneprocess. IPA cost is primarily driven by raw material (acetone or propylene)...
Therefore, this newer process without producing the acetone by-product appears attractive and is similar to the cumeneprocess as a hydroperoxide is formed...
isobutylbenzene, which is analogous to the industrial production of acetone. The cumeneprocess can be modified to produce phenol and a mixture of acetone and butanone...
chemical manufacturer. It produces phenol in Frankford through the cumeneprocess, where it is converted to caprolactam in Hopewell, polymerized to nylon...
common example is cumene which is made from benzene and propylene and used to make acetone and phenol in the cumeneprocess. The cumene itself is of relatively...
resins and fragrances. Acetophenone is formed as a byproduct of the cumeneprocess, the industrial route for the synthesis of phenol and acetone. In the...
material for the synthesis of acetone before the development of the cumeneprocess: Ca(CH3COO)2 → CaCO3(s) + (CH3)2CO A saturated solution of calcium acetate...
large scale for the production of phenol by the Cumeneprocess or Hock process for its cumene and cumene hydroperoxide intermediates. Such reactions rely...
acetone is produced via the cumeneprocess; as a result, acetone production is tied to phenol production. In the cumeneprocess, benzene is alkylated with...
industrially in two main ways. The most widely used route is similar to the cumeneprocess in reaction mechanism and involves the dialkylation of benzene with...
alternatively be prepared from ammonia and phenol derived from the cumeneprocess. In commerce, three brands of aniline are distinguished: aniline oil...
dehydrated to give styrene, a useful monomer. Cumene hydroperoxide derived from oxygenation of cumene (isopropylbenzene), which affords cumyl alcohol...
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